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Schmitt Trigger Calculations

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apl247

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I have been trying to figure out how to calculate the resistor values for the inverting schmitt trigger. I have looked online and in my electronics books, can not seem to find any straight forward equations. Maybe someone here can help? I have attached a schematic of the set up I am using.

Op-amp : LM399
low threshold: 2.5V
high threshold: 2.84V
Vcc: 6 V
and I would like to output voltage to be 5V (high) and 0V (low)

Anyone have equations to calculate the three resistor values? Links to websites?

Thanks
 

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  • schmitt.jpg
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Your attachment is too fuzzy to read the values. The big question you need to ask is what is the output swing of the op-amp running on your specific supply voltage?

The amount of hysteresis is a function of the current that comes to the non-inverting input via the feedback resistor. Just write the equations Kirchoff Current Law, sum of currents into the node connected to the non-inverting op-amp input = zero for both the case when the op-amp output is at Voh and again when at Vol.

I just put the circuit into LTSpice and let it do the hard work:D
 
Here you go. R123 is the parallel combination of R1, R2, and R3.
There's a little calculator at:http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/electronic/schmitt.html#c3

Be aware, the equations are correct, but the calculator assumes that the comparator output voltages swing rail-to-rail and are both equal in magnitude to your battery voltage (which is not true in your case because you are using a single supply, and possibly because your comparator may not swing rail-to-rail).

Also, the 399 is not an op amp, and if you mean 339 it has an open drain output which throws a slight monkey wrench into the equations which needs to be accounted for.

**broken link removed**
 
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Even better, I found this calculator for open drain, or push-pull.

**broken link removed**
 
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Here's a spreadsheet I made to help me with comparators. It's part of a much larger spreadsheet of design calculations and tables.

Note:
It isn't finished, I'll add some calculations to the bottom circuit.

It was created using OpenOffice.org so I don't know how good the Excel version is as I don't have MS Office.
 

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Even better, I found this calculator for open drain, or push-pull.

**broken link removed**

I ran the push-pull calculator (op-amp) for 12V Vref, V1=6.00, V2=6.01 (10mV hysteresis), Vout(High)=11V, Vout(Low)=0.01 (typical for LM358 powered from Vref) and it came up with ridiculously low value resistors. Multiplying the computed values by 100 or 1000 might produce a useful circuit.
 
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hi,
The other point thats not covered by the online calculator is the 'load' that the comparator output is driving into, when using an open output comp like the LM393. With say a 3K9 pullup to Vsupply.

If for example the load is the base drive resistor of transistor, say 470R, it will hold the LM393 output voltage lower than the o/c state.

This will effect the hysteresis in the comp off state, output high.
 
Hello All,
I am looking for the equations to calculate the resistor values for the same circuit. Please share the equations if any one has.

Thanks and regards
Ranganath
 
hi could someone please tell me how to make my upper trigger point 2.8V and my lower trigger point 1V
what resistor values do i choose to make that happen. Say the resistor connected to ground is 10K

i realize the current schematic won't make much sense to most, but i can't feedback my trigger output to the mosfet gate just yet. at least not without a switch to vary the voltage at the trigger input.
 

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I have been trying to figure out how to calculate the resistor values for the inverting schmitt trigger. I have looked online and in my electronics books, can not seem to find any straight forward equations. Maybe someone here can help? I have attached a schematic of the set up I am using.

Op-amp : LM399
low threshold: 2.5V
high threshold: 2.84V
Vcc: 6 V
and I would like to output voltage to be 5V (high) and 0V (low)

Anyone have equations to calculate the three resistor values? Links to websites?

Thanks

( wrong not an OA, schematic shows LM339, which is a Comparator ) THus you need Vcc=5V for 5V out and Rout is subtracted from R3 to get correct readings for R3 actual feedback R for setting low threshold.

basically any Schmitt trigger is positive feedback and gain ratio defines how small the 1/2 hysteresis range is relative to the output swing and Vref is the center point of the hysteresis.

If you dont have 5V and only 6V then use 5xR+1xR pullup and feedback from 5V out. e.g. 5k+1k pullup.
 
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hi could someone please tell me how to make my upper trigger point 2.8V and my lower trigger point 1V
what resistor values do i choose to make that happen. Say the resistor connected to ground is 10K

i realize the current schematic won't make much sense to most, but i can't feedback my trigger output to the mosfet gate just yet. at least not without a switch to vary the voltage at the trigger input.

Do you really need a +12 -15V swing on your comparator?
Do you realize the LM339 has low drive current on high side which affects Vmax drop from Vcc?
Your feedback R is far too low a value and loads the Vmax. switch to a LM339 comparator with open collector maybe for logic levels OR JUST vGS LEVELS

edit
I just realized why your design wont work.
A comparator Schmitt trigger cannot use positive feedback AND Pullup/down resistors to choose bias and hysteresis with an INVERTING input.

Hysteresis must be independently controlled for Mean threshold and +/- peak threshold around mean and choosing pull down resistor changes hyst. AND mean threshold at the same time.

So you can use a programmable zener to set mean voltage or use Vref on Vin(-) and use non-inverting mode of comparator. e.g. in your case. Vmean =1.9V and Peak swing is 0.9V.

If using a single supply comparator with 0-20V swing 0.9V peak swing ( 1.8Vpp) means the feedback ratio is 20/0.9 =22.


If you use +/-15V swing, can it drive the current for Ciss on Vgs on fast transitions?
Do you want fast shutoff and slow turnon?

This means you cannot use the inverting input in this case to set HYST and Vmean independently with R ratios only. The Vref must be a low impedance source.

Although I dont know what the end result is... A hickup PWM current regulator? CC sink?
 
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