Yes of course. You can transfer any data that you wish. Such a connection is a general purpose data connection between two computers. One of these will have to be in the car, and it would be responsible for collecting the analog signals and sending them back. This is an internet connection, so if you can imagine sending analog signals to another computer on the internet, then you can see how this is done.
Another alternative method of making a wireless connection over such a long range is by using VHF or UHF radios working through a repeater.