Yes, that sounds like a good summary!Kirchhoff’s law: What goes in must come out and what goes up must come down.
First you need a good working knowledge of the basics such as Ohm's law, series and parallel circuits, Kirchhoff's circuit laws, basic inductor and capacitor equations, etc. If you don't have that, then that's where you need to start, before you try to experiment much with circuits. Otherwise you are just flying blind. Wikipedia is a good place to start.
A simple way to experiment with circuits it to use a circuit simulator (LTspice is free and works well). That way the smoke is all virtual. You can start with simple circuits and probe the currents and voltages to see how they work. You can continue on into using transistors, op amps, and more complex circuits as you progress. If you get the circuit to work properly in the simulation, then there's a very good chance that is will also work when you build it.
OP amps
One thing that's basic is called the gain-bandwidth product. and the notion of bandwidth. The -3db frequency or when then gail is 0.707 of an amplifier's nominal gain. It's the basic characteristion of a simple RC filter where 1/2(PI)fC is the -3 db frequency.
bandwidth is usually defined for A=1. and bandwidth * Gain = some constant.
Op amps come optimized for various parameters and some examples are:
1. input bias current
2. Bandwidth
3. Single supply
4. Dual supply (watch valid swings)
5. Rail to Rail
6. Low power
7. Low offset V
8. High current
9. High voltage
10. A current mode (Norton OP amp)
The type of input FET or BiFET and the type of output (bipolar transistor, FET). FETs for an input stage give rise to a low input bias current but with a strong temperature dependence. FETS on the output give rise to rail to rail op amps. Open Collector and Open drain outputs may be common with comparitor circuits.
The OP amp circuits (such as a summer) won't work properly unless driven by a low impeadence source.
Bypass caps, small capacitors located near the power pins of an IC are an essential part of a design. For now, use the manufacturer's suggestions and they MUST be located CLOSE to the IC. The closer the better.
Is that any help?
A couple of really basic ideas that will get you going:
Ohm’s law: the voltage (E) across a resister, or across any DC circuit, is equal to the current (I) in amps times the resistance (R) in ohms. Everything else is just algebraic manipulation (I=E/R, R=E/I and the original E= IR).
Kirchhoff’s law: What goes in must come out and what goes up must come down. That is my paraphrasing. The first refers to current going through a point or junction. The second refers to voltages around a closed circuit.
Wetting current wasn't covered in school, so what is it?
It will show up when looking at the specs of mechanical switches and relays. It's a minimum switching current that you need to design for. Why? Oxide builds on the contacts and exceeding the wetting current reliably renews the contact surface. 10 mA is a good number in the absence of data.
Minimum and driving current needs to be seen in context.
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