As far as determining which direction the signal is coming from, I have no clue.
The sharpness and loudness of the signal can sometimes determine the distance. If there was one station 5km away that is transmitting at 1 amp and another one 10km away that is transmitting at one amp as well, then the 5km one will be heard more clearly.
The place of TX You can determine with directional aerial (e.g. Yagi) and receiver. Measure the direction on two or more location, draw the aerial direction into a map. The crosspoint of lines give a place of TX. More measuring point give better result.