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Wrong!these high freq. can not be transffered through copper or any metal , metal has very high impedance at that freq.
All connections are as short as possible and designed as transmission lines terminated in their characterictic impedance.So how does data transffer takes place ?
well because they use metal made waveguide to transffer signal at microwave frequency.
microwave frequency bounces back and forth in waveguide. so you are saying that length of wire is made to match the wavelength of microwave ?
well because they use metal made waveguide to transffer signal at microwave frequency.
microwave frequency bounces back and forth in waveguide.
That's RF energy, NOT electricity - completely different things.
Most people, including most electrical engineers, think of electricity as electrons flowing in a wire, much like water flowing in a hose. The idea of electrical energy moving through free space in a wave is a completely foreign concept. Yet, electromagnetic radiation is exactly that, electrical energy moving through space as a wave, and electrical energy in a wire is a special case in which the energy is guided by a wire. Some of the energy is internal to the wire, and some of the energy is external to the wire. When we plug an appliance into the receptacle, the power delivered to the appliance does not actually "go through the cord", but is electromagnetic energy being "guided" by the electron activity in the power cord. The electromagnetic energy delivered to the load is external to the wire. The electron activity oscillating back and forth in the wire is a result of the external electromagnetic energy and in turn serves as a way of telling the electromagnetic wave to follow the wire. The electron movement in the wire is proportional to the strength of the wave being guided. Don't be disturbed if you have difficulty grasping this concept. Even engineering students have difficulty understanding it.
RF energy is just electricity ( electromagnetic force ) moving in free space.
i think this explains everything , matching of impedance with the help STUBA wave guide, transmission line, bounces back if it is not driver correctly or is not terminated correctly.
A PCB trace, or pair of traces, used for high speed is built for 100 or 50 ohms impedance. It is driven by a IC with the matching 100 ohms output impedance and the trace is terminated with a matching 100 ohms.
But is completely different - and has entirely different characteristics.
Inside a waveguide, the RF energy is in the form of an electromagnetic wave, just the same as if it were in free space, except that it is constrained by the waveguide, which IS conductive.
If you look at a waveguide to coax transition, you will see that inside the waveguide is a small antenna which you could use to propagate the RF enegy into free space if you take a hacksaw and cut away the waveguide.
Inside the the coax, the RF enegy is just electrons moving about a bit. The same as DC or the 50/60hz mains supply.
JimB
what RF wave is photon wave ? i would have to ask my proffesor ...The energy carrier for electrical energy are photons.
RF energy inside the coax is not electrons. Just think about it for a second, electrons have mass and can't travel at the speed of light (or even get close unless accelerated by a large electric field in almost pure vacuum). The energy carrier for electrical energy are photons. Inside the coax the confined em fields travels in the dielectric instead of free space. As the photons interact with the denser matter the propagation speed slows (not the actual speed of photons) as they are regenerated by the electrons. This is why a foam dielectric (more open space between cells of denser matter) has a faster propagation factor.
If the RF energy was in the electrons, the dielectric wouldn't matter for propagation speed because it's a insulator with no free electrons for current flow but it does because the energy (RF/DC/ELECTRICITY) is not in the wire electrons.
what RF wave is photon wave ? i would have to ask my proffesor ...
I am humbled by your vastly superior knowledge of this subject.
JimB
A little quiz that explains propagation speed.
https://www.electro-tech-online.com/custompdfs/2012/01/propagationtime.pdf
RF energy inside the coax is not electrons. Just think about it for a second, electrons have mass and can't travel at the speed of light (or even get close unless accelerated by a large electric field in almost pure vacuum). The energy carrier for electrical energy are photons. Inside the coax the confined em field travels in the dielectric instead of free space. As the photons interact with the denser matter the propagation speed slows (not the actual speed of photons) as they are regenerated by the electrons. This is why a foam dielectric (more open space between cells of denser matter) has a faster propagation factor.
If the RF energy was in the electrons, the dielectric wouldn't matter for propagation speed because it's a insulator with no free electrons for current flow but it does because the energy (RF/DC/ELECTRICITY) is not in the wire electrons.
The work required to move an electric charge of one coulomb through an electrical potential difference of one volt, or one '"coulomb volt" (C·V).
The RF frequency current/charge that is in any section of wire is caused by flow of RF energy fields around that wire. There is no changeover, electrical energy is always moved in fields, sometimes those fields are time-invariant (DC/STATIC) or change with time (AC/RF/LIGHT/ETC...)Objects may possess a property known as an electric charge. An electric field exerts a force on charged objects, accelerating them in the direction of the force, in either the same or the opposite direction of the electric field. If the charged object has a positive charge, the force and acceleration will be in the direction of the field. This force has the same direction as the electric field vector, and its magnitude is given by the size of the charge multiplied with the magnitude of the electric field.