Of course your circuit produces hiss, its voltage gain is 20,200! Are you trying to hear people talking on the other side of the world?
It amplifies the thermal noise in the input resistor R6. It also amplifies a lot the small amount of hiss from the electret mic.
Reduce the total gain to 100 or 200. Then the hiss will be 100 times or 200 times less.
The shield on the input cable will stop hum and has nothing to do with hiss. Does it have hum? If it has messy wiring on a breadboard then the wires are antennas for picking up hum.
The level from the mic will be higher if you replace R6 with 10k.
A more expensive audio opamp and power amp will reduce the hiss and use metal film resistors.