It has been designed before and there are many patents. Try searching for patents if you want circuit designs. The only real way to jam a mobile is to jam the entire band by emitting a high level broardband white noise. Phones are always switching the channel they are on, so you need to jam everything, or all the links will just adapt around the noise.
What you want to do is ILLEGAL, even if you do complete it there is no legal way for you to test your design.
DO NOT try to jam phone signals using high power broardband noise generators, there are many reasons why it is illegal, the most important being is that you will jam all communications, Including all 999 calls. I sure you don't want someones death on your concience.