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How to convert stereo audio signal into mono out for mono amplifier

Two resistors, one from each stereo channel output, both going to the mono input.

For a headphone type output you can use low value resistors, eg. 100 Ohms, for a line level output try 10K.

Link the grounds / screens together.
 
Stereo signal from what? - for normal line level signals, you just join left and right together.
Shorting together the two outputs could stress their drivers, depending upon what that driver circuit is.
Certainly it would if they were op amps.
Adding a resistor in series with each output is cheap insurance.
 
Stereo signal from what? - for normal line level signals, you just join left and right together.
From USB module.
USB Module.jpg
 
Shorting together the two outputs could stress their drivers, depending upon what that driver circuit is.
Certainly it would if they were op amps.
Adding a resistor in series with each output is cheap insurance.
The circuit of any vaguely designed preamplifier already contains exactly such resistors - in order to meet the output impedance specifications. It's a popular myth on these forums that there's a need to add external resistors.
 
The circuit of any vaguely designed preamplifier already contains exactly such resistors - in order to meet the output impedance specifications.
What specifications are those?
If there is a specification for audio it would be for maximum, not minimum.
So you really want to quibble over this for a couple of added resistors?
 
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What specifications are those?
If there is a specification for audio it would be for maximum, not minimum.
So you really want to quibble over this for a couple of added resistors?
The specifications that any decent preamplifier will come with, output impedance, just as it will come with input impedance specifications.

My 'quibble' (if you can call it that?) is the instant assumption that 'something bad' might happen if you don't add a couple of extra resistors, which are almost certainly not going to make the slightest bit of difference.
 
The specifications that any decent preamplifier will come with, output impedance
So how do you know the amp is "decent" and that the the minimum is not zero from an op amp output.
I believe in a better-safe-than-sorry approach, which you apparently do not.
 
So how do you know the amp is "decent" and that the the minimum is not zero from an op amp output.
I believe in a better-safe-than-sorry approach, which you apparently do not.
Opamps don't have zero output - and regardless, no preamp will have a problem with the outputs shorted together. But if you want to add extra unneeded resistors, then feel free.
 
Stereo signal from what? - for normal line level signals, you just join left and right together.
Normally this is correct.
A typical line-out is 100 to 600 Ω, with lower values being more common in newer equipment.
 
Opamps don't have zero output - and regardless, no preamp will have a problem with the outputs shorted together. But if you want to add extra unneeded resistors, then feel free.
Op Amps have about >= 200 ohm open loop impedance, Zol current limited to at least 20 mA. But with error feedback so does Zout. e.g. Aol = 100 dB gain with Acl=40 dB means Zo reduces 60 dB or to 200 mOhms. This means stereo causes current limiting which causes distortion if shorted together.
 
Opamps don't have zero output - and regardless, no preamp will have a problem with the outputs shorted together. But if you want to add extra unneeded resistors, then feel free.
I believe the opamps that advertise "short circuit protection" have that claim for a reason - the amps that don't have that claim on their datasheets will have problems with short circuits. In the case of this thread, short circuit is any uncontrolled source or sink of current from one op amp to another.
 
The most common way to do this - and repeated many times in this website and others by Audioguru is as follows with two 2.2k resistors. The pot is not required unless you get clipping from your power amp - so it is a convenient addition...

1710737049795.png


Image is from audioguru 's post here...
 
The circuit of any vaguely designed preamplifier already contains exactly such resistors - in order to meet the output impedance specifications. It's a popular myth on these forums that there's a need to add external resistors.
Many opamp preamps oscillate if a shielded audio cable (its capacitance) connects directly to its output, then a series output resistor is added to isolate the capacitance from the opamp output.
 

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