Q1
I hesitate to call the decibel a "unit" in the same way that a Volt or a Farad is a "unit".
A decibel is a ratio. It only becomes a unit when given a modifier such as dBm.
dBm is a power relative to 1 milli-watt, so 1 Watt can be expressed as +30dBm.
Which leads on to the concept of larger or smaller.
10dB = 1Bel
So the dB is less than the B.
I think you have blown your own mind on this one!
Q2
I cannot see where the 0.5 comes from.
I think that the author has had a moment of confusion, possibly he was thinking about V being the peak voltage as you may measure with an oscilloscope.
I do know that what those prefixes mean. But the way that text puts it is not very clear and that was the reason I reached this wrong conclusion which I mentioned in my previous post.