Hi all, I am trying to create a very basic delay using a TMR0 (timer) function as part of a rotating sequence for 4 LED’s with the option to reverse direction. I know I’m almost there but I could do with a little guidance to be honest. I’m using PIC16F84 and datasheet can be downloaded from microchip website where full instruction set is on pg56 down. Full code is below with annotations:-
; U19A2T1-4.asm
; blinks LEDs on outputs in a rotating pattern, with input option to reverse direction
; Set microprocessor as 16F84
INCLUDE <P16F84.INC>
; Setup processor configuration
__CONFIG _RC_OSC & _WDT_OFF & _PWRTE_ON
SETUP:ORG 0 ; The next instruction should go to address ‘0’ in the program memory (telling the assembler where to start)
BANKSEL TRISA ; Select register bank ‘TRISA’, which is the register that controls which pins in ‘PORTA’ are an input or an output
CLRF TRISA ; Clearing the ‘TRISA’ register sets all of ‘PORTA’ as outputs
BCF STATUS , RP0 ; Clearing the register bank select bit in the status register, and resets ‘RP0’ back to page ‘0’
BCF STATUS , RP1 ; Clearing the register bank select bit in the status register, and resets ‘RP1’ back to page ‘0’
MOVLW 0X01 ; Puts a literal binary value of ‘0001’ in to the working register
MOVWF PORTB ; Moves the binary value of ‘0001’ from the working register in to the ‘PORTB’ register
BCF STATUS,C ; Clear the carry flag or bit to prevent the arithmetic borrow or carry out of the most significant ALU bit position, i.e. rotating in a ’1’ value, and preventing unwanted bits from being introduced before a rotation
ROTATE:BTFSS PORTA,0 ; Bit test in file and execute next instruction if set at ‘0’, and skip next instruction if set at ‘1’
GOTO RR ; Jump or branch to a 'rotate right' file register
RLF PORTB,F ; Rotate data left stored in register ‘PORTB,F’ through the carry flag, in effect shifting all data one space to the left, and where the existing data in the carry flag will be shifted in to the right most bit. The ‘f’ stands for storing the answer back in ‘PORTB'
GOTO DELAY ; Go to the DELAY register address; repeat loop if delay is not ‘0’
RR:RRF PORTB,F ; This instruction is almost exactly the same as ‘RLF PORTB,F’ above, except that the data moves in the opposite way, i.e. the right most bit will shift in to the carry flag and then back in at the left most bit
DELAY ;
BANKSEL OPTION_REG ; Select register bank ‘OPTION_REG’
MOVLW 0X07 ; Configure timer0 with a prescaler of ‘0000111’
MOVWF OPTION_REG ; Set maximum prescaler increment at 256
TIMER ;
BANKSEL TMR0 ; Select register bank ‘TMR0’
CLRF TMR0 ; Clear the timer register
CHECK:BTFSS INTCON,T0IF ; Check timer flag and wait until TMR0 count rolls over. If '0' execute next instruction, if '1' then skip next instruction
GOTO CHECK ; Loop until T0IF flag is set
BCF INTCON,T0IF ; T0IF flag must be cleared ready for next count
DIRECTION:MOVLW 0X02 ; Move the hexadecimal code value (0X02) and binary equivalent in to the working file register
XORWF PORTA,0 ; Performs ‘XOR’ logic with contents of the working register and contents of the ‘PORTA’ file register address. Answers from both are put back in to the ‘PORTA’ register, toggle bit ‘0’. This overwrites the original data and possibly changes the LED direction
GOTO ROTATE ; Branch back to rotate program instructions as part of the main loop
END ; End of program
; U19A2T1-4.asm
; blinks LEDs on outputs in a rotating pattern, with input option to reverse direction
; Set microprocessor as 16F84
INCLUDE <P16F84.INC>
; Setup processor configuration
__CONFIG _RC_OSC & _WDT_OFF & _PWRTE_ON
SETUP:ORG 0 ; The next instruction should go to address ‘0’ in the program memory (telling the assembler where to start)
BANKSEL TRISA ; Select register bank ‘TRISA’, which is the register that controls which pins in ‘PORTA’ are an input or an output
CLRF TRISA ; Clearing the ‘TRISA’ register sets all of ‘PORTA’ as outputs
BCF STATUS , RP0 ; Clearing the register bank select bit in the status register, and resets ‘RP0’ back to page ‘0’
BCF STATUS , RP1 ; Clearing the register bank select bit in the status register, and resets ‘RP1’ back to page ‘0’
MOVLW 0X01 ; Puts a literal binary value of ‘0001’ in to the working register
MOVWF PORTB ; Moves the binary value of ‘0001’ from the working register in to the ‘PORTB’ register
BCF STATUS,C ; Clear the carry flag or bit to prevent the arithmetic borrow or carry out of the most significant ALU bit position, i.e. rotating in a ’1’ value, and preventing unwanted bits from being introduced before a rotation
ROTATE:BTFSS PORTA,0 ; Bit test in file and execute next instruction if set at ‘0’, and skip next instruction if set at ‘1’
GOTO RR ; Jump or branch to a 'rotate right' file register
RLF PORTB,F ; Rotate data left stored in register ‘PORTB,F’ through the carry flag, in effect shifting all data one space to the left, and where the existing data in the carry flag will be shifted in to the right most bit. The ‘f’ stands for storing the answer back in ‘PORTB'
GOTO DELAY ; Go to the DELAY register address; repeat loop if delay is not ‘0’
RR:RRF PORTB,F ; This instruction is almost exactly the same as ‘RLF PORTB,F’ above, except that the data moves in the opposite way, i.e. the right most bit will shift in to the carry flag and then back in at the left most bit
DELAY ;
BANKSEL OPTION_REG ; Select register bank ‘OPTION_REG’
MOVLW 0X07 ; Configure timer0 with a prescaler of ‘0000111’
MOVWF OPTION_REG ; Set maximum prescaler increment at 256
TIMER ;
BANKSEL TMR0 ; Select register bank ‘TMR0’
CLRF TMR0 ; Clear the timer register
CHECK:BTFSS INTCON,T0IF ; Check timer flag and wait until TMR0 count rolls over. If '0' execute next instruction, if '1' then skip next instruction
GOTO CHECK ; Loop until T0IF flag is set
BCF INTCON,T0IF ; T0IF flag must be cleared ready for next count
DIRECTION:MOVLW 0X02 ; Move the hexadecimal code value (0X02) and binary equivalent in to the working file register
XORWF PORTA,0 ; Performs ‘XOR’ logic with contents of the working register and contents of the ‘PORTA’ file register address. Answers from both are put back in to the ‘PORTA’ register, toggle bit ‘0’. This overwrites the original data and possibly changes the LED direction
GOTO ROTATE ; Branch back to rotate program instructions as part of the main loop
END ; End of program
