They're microwave RF bands, generally used for satellite communication and radar. The terms definition are actually a little fuzzy so exactly what they mean is open to interpretation.
They're common bands for speed radar in the US, although laser ranging systems have taken over from radar.
In the Radar gun they tell that they find the speed by having the difference frequency, Can you plz tell me what is the equation/relationship between the frequency and the speed?
The "doppler effect" causes the sound or radio transmitter frequency of an object travelling towards you to increase because the waves are crammed close together. It the object is moving away then the frequency deceases because the waves are separated.
A radar gun measures the difference in the frequency of the signal reflection caused by the speed.
Yea, I know that they work based on the Doppler effect but would like to know the formula indicating the relationship between the frequency and the speed here.
from my favourite microwave site Microwaves 101.....
"There is confusion and controversy about the microwave frequency band definitions used in North America. Legend has it that the designators were originally contrived during World War II to confuse the enemy. Engineers in Fort Monmouth New Jersey came up with the letter codes, which were classified as Secret at the time. Naturally, a logical progression of A, B, C wouldn't do for that purpose, so they chose L, C, X and K, and a whole bunch of lower-case letter sub-band designators that have been all but forgotten, with the exception of the Ku and Ka bands. After the war, Uncle Sam didn't declassify the system for everyone's use, different companies such as Sperry, Motorola, Narda, Hewlett Packard and Raytheon made educated guesses on the secret frequency bands, with inconsistent results and little attempt to organize an industry-wide standard. "