Hi again,
Well you would feed the sine (or signal) into the non inverting terminal to get a genuine PWM output at the output of the comparator itself, but if you need to use a driver after that then you have to consider if the driver inverts or not. If the driver inverts, then you'd want to feed it into the inverting terminal most likely. If not using a driver then depending on what you will use it for will require feeding it into the appropriate pin. But for a regular PWM out of the comparator itself the sine (or the signal) goes into the non inverting terminal.
I think we found the minimum slew rate for the TL082 to be 5v/us, so if we assume a plus and minus 10v output that means for a triangle centered at 0v we have 2us up, 2us down, 2us down again, 2us up, for a total time period of 8us. The inverse of 8e-6 is 125000, so that means the theoretical max frequency of a triangle (not a sine) would be 125kHz, assuming the forced gain of the circuit isnt too exceptionally high.
I would keep it less than that however, and i would think that 30kHz would be ok. If we go too high on the frequency with a triangle then we have to start thinking about some harmonics and the gain bandwidth product. For example, the 9th harmonic of 30kHz is 270kHz, so with a gain of 10 we start to get close to the limit for that sinusoidal frequency, so maybe a gain of 10 would be a limit point we might want to use for a 30kHz triangle in order to maintain a good triangular waveshape.