It should work fine, I've used a 44780 LCD with Parallax's Propeller, which is a 3.3V chip. I even sell a LCD adapter board for it. I've never had a problem running the LCD, nor have I heard from any customers that have had problems.
I power the LCD and backlight with 5V, but all the logic is 3.3V. shouldn't need any inline resistor or level shifting circuitry if you are just writing to the LCD, unless you plan to read from the LCD (like checking the busy bit)
Brian