Super Glue is destroyed at 212 degrees (F) and solder melts at something over 700 degrees (F) so your soldering iron should be able to just destroy the super glue on its own.
With that being said though... I think that there are two problems here...
1 - The super glue is acting like an insulator and will need to be removed, nail polish remover has been mentioned but it is typically only 70% acetone and 30% water, hardware stores will have pure %100 acetone that will work better.
2 - In the second picture "Picture 2" in the lower left corner there is a chip there that says "807" on it (among other things) and it looks like the entire edge of the chip was chipped off or blow off, at least that it how it looks in the picture maybe its just dirty.