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need a hand understanding this code

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wejos

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this is actually from nigel's tutorial that i have chopped chopped so i could learn line by line. for 16f84.

Code:
		cblock	0x20			;start of general purpose registers
			count			;used in looping routines
			count1			;used in delay routine
			counta			;used in delay routine
			countb			;used in delay routine
			Xmit_Byte        	;holds byte to xmit
            		Rcv_Byte        	;holds received byte 
            		Bit_Cntr        	;bit counter for RS232
            		Delay_Count        	;delay loop counter
		endc


SER_PORT	Equ	PORTA
SER_TRIS	Equ	TRISA
SER_IN	Equ	0x00
LED_PORT	Equ	PORTB
LED_TRIS	Equ	TRISB

		org	0x0000


Initialise	clrf	count
		clrf	PORTA
		clrf	PORTB
	        BSF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 1	
		clrf	LED_TRIS	      ;make LED_Port all outputs
	        BCF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 0
		call	SER_INIT	      ;initialise serial port
Loop		call	Rcv_RS232
		movwf	LED_PORT	      ;transfer byte to LED's


SER_INIT
            BSF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 1
            BCF     SER_TRIS, SER_OUT     ;set B6 as an output
            BSF     SER_TRIS, SER_IN      ;set B7 as an input
            BCF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 0
            BSF     SER_PORT, SER_OUT     ;set SER_OUT high
            RETURN


Rcv_RS232   BTFSC   SER_PORT, SER_IN      ;wait for start bit
            GOTO    Rcv_RS232
            CALL    Start_Delay	          ;do half bit time delay
            BTFSC   SER_PORT, SER_IN      ;check still in start bit
            GOTO    Rcv_RS232
            MOVLW   0x08                  ;set up to read 8 bits
            MOVWF   Bit_Cntr
            CLRF    Rcv_Byte
Next_RcvBit CALL    Bit_Delay
            BTFSS   SER_PORT, SER_IN
            BCF     STATUS    , C
            BTFSC   SER_PORT, SER_IN
            BSF     STATUS    , C
            RRF     Rcv_Byte  , f
            DECFSZ  Bit_Cntr  , f         ;test if all done
            GOTO    Next_RcvBit
            CALL    Bit_Delay
            MOVF    Rcv_Byte, W
            RETURN

Start_Delay MOVLW   0x0C
            MOVWF   Delay_Count
Start_Wait  NOP
            DECFSZ  Delay_Count , f
            GOTO    Start_Wait
            RETURN

Bit_Delay   MOVLW   0x18
            MOVWF   Delay_Count
Bit_Wait    NOP
            DECFSZ  Delay_Count , f
            GOTO    Bit_Wait
            RETURN





1.) from the original RA7 or "SER_IN Equ 0x07", since im using 16f84 which has 5 bits only for port A, i changed it to RA0 or SER_IN Equ 0x00". you think this is okay?

2.) this part of the code i dont know when they are triggered, since its not a subroutine, and appeared to me that its never been called from the rest of the code. I know thou that there must be some kind of delay due to RS232 so its important. anyone kindly point out to me where this part comes in?

Code:
Long_Delay
		call	Delay255
		call	Delay255
		call	Delay255
		call	Delay255
		return

Delay255	movlw	0xff		;delay 255 mS
		goto	d0
Delay100	movlw	d'100'		;delay 100mS
		goto	d0
Delay50		movlw	d'50'		;delay 50mS
		goto	d0
Delay20		movlw	d'20'		;delay 20mS
		goto	d0
Delay10		movlw	d'10'		;delay 10mS
		goto	d0
Delay1		movlw	d'1'		;delay 1mS
		goto	d0
Delay5		movlw	0x05		;delay 5.000 ms (4 MHz clock)
d0		movwf	count1
d1		movlw	0xC7
		movwf	counta
		movlw	0x01
		movwf	countb
Delay_0		decfsz	counta, f
		goto	$+2
		decfsz	countb, f
		goto	Delay_0

		decfsz	count1	,f
		goto	d1
		retlw	0x00

;end of Delay routines


yes i removed the XMIT_RS232 subroutine.

and i was not able to make it work in my breadboard. i know i missing something here. ty for your help.
 
Last edited:
2.) this part of the code i dont know when they are triggered, since its not a subroutine, and appeared to me that its never been called from the rest of the code. I know thou that there must be some kind of delay due to RS232 so its important. anyone kindly point out to me where this part comes in?

It's a subroutine, in fact a number of them - but it might not be used in that particular tutorial - I generally included some time delay routines in the template I used for the tutorials, as most use them.
 
It's a subroutine, in fact a number of them - but it might not be used in that particular tutorial - I generally included some time delay routines in the template I used for the tutorials, as most use them.

thanks nigel glad you said that.



one final thing you think the code below would work?

can i use XT when i burned them since in the config there's _HS_OSC?

should i check power on also?

should i check also watchdog given this code?



Code:
LIST	p=16F84		;tell assembler what chip we are using
	include "P16F84.inc"		;include the defaults for the chip
	ERRORLEVEL	0,	-302	;suppress bank selection messages
	__CONFIG   _CP_OFF & _WDT_ON & _PWRTE_ON & _HS_OSC ;sets the configuration settings (oscillator type etc.) or RC_OSC if thats what your using



cblock	0x20			;start of general purpose registers
			count			;used in looping routines
			count1			;used in delay routine
			counta			;used in delay routine
			countb			;used in delay routine
			Xmit_Byte        	;holds byte to xmit
            		Rcv_Byte        	;holds received byte 
            		Bit_Cntr        	;bit counter for RS232
            		Delay_Count        	;delay loop counter
		endc


SER_PORT	Equ	PORTA
SER_TRIS	Equ	TRISA
SER_IN	Equ	0x00
LED_PORT	Equ	PORTB
LED_TRIS	Equ	TRISB

		org	0x0000


Initialise	clrf	count
		clrf	PORTA
		clrf	PORTB
	        BSF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 1	
		clrf	LED_TRIS	      ;make LED_Port all outputs
	        BCF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 0
		call	SER_INIT	      ;initialise serial port
Loop		call	Rcv_RS232
		movwf	LED_PORT	      ;transfer byte to LED's


SER_INIT
            BSF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 1
            BCF     SER_TRIS, SER_OUT     ;set B6 as an output
            BSF     SER_TRIS, SER_IN      ;set B7 as an input
            BCF     STATUS, RP0           ;select bank 0
            BSF     SER_PORT, SER_OUT     ;set SER_OUT high
            RETURN


Rcv_RS232   BTFSC   SER_PORT, SER_IN      ;wait for start bit
            GOTO    Rcv_RS232
            CALL    Start_Delay	          ;do half bit time delay
            BTFSC   SER_PORT, SER_IN      ;check still in start bit
            GOTO    Rcv_RS232
            MOVLW   0x08                  ;set up to read 8 bits
            MOVWF   Bit_Cntr
            CLRF    Rcv_Byte
Next_RcvBit CALL    Bit_Delay
            BTFSS   SER_PORT, SER_IN
            BCF     STATUS    , C
            BTFSC   SER_PORT, SER_IN
            BSF     STATUS    , C
            RRF     Rcv_Byte  , f
            DECFSZ  Bit_Cntr  , f         ;test if all done
            GOTO    Next_RcvBit
            CALL    Bit_Delay
            MOVF    Rcv_Byte, W
            RETURN

Start_Delay MOVLW   0x0C
            MOVWF   Delay_Count
Start_Wait  NOP
            DECFSZ  Delay_Count , f
            GOTO    Start_Wait
            RETURN

Bit_Delay   MOVLW   0x18
            MOVWF   Delay_Count
Bit_Wait    NOP
            DECFSZ  Delay_Count , f
            GOTO    Bit_Wait
            RETURN

end
 
Last edited:
is this the UART software?

guys is this the UART software? responsible for waiting for the start bit, data, and the stop bit.

Code:
Start_Delay MOVLW   0x0C
            MOVWF   Delay_Count
Start_Wait  NOP
            DECFSZ  Delay_Count , f
            GOTO    Start_Wait
            RETURN

Bit_Delay   MOVLW   0x18
            MOVWF   Delay_Count
Bit_Wait    NOP
            DECFSZ  Delay_Count , f
            GOTO    Bit_Wait
            RETURN
 
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