The RFID (radio-frequency identification) system consists of an RFID tag, a reader, and a user-interface computer. The passive RFID tag contains a silicon chip and an LC antenna circuit. The passive tag is energized by an RF field that’s transmitted by the reader (interrogation). Therefore, the tag doesn’t require any batteries for its operation.
Passive RFID tags are used for animal tagging, asset tracking, access control applications, etc. When the tag is energized by the RF field, it transmits back the contents of its memory by modulating the incoming RF field. The reader detects and demodulates the signal and identifies the tag.