PIC16 series does not work well with C, but it will work. Microchip has no C compiler product for this series but others do make compilers, with varying effectiveness.
PIC18 series was designed to be more C-friendly. Code can compile to quite a reasonable size and speed. Microchip offers a quality C compiler for free.
24F/dsPIC30F/dsPIC33F are much better still, with a stack with greater capabilities not to mention lots of other spiffy capabilities- 16 bit datapath, 16/32 bit math/data manipulations, hardware divide.