Hi,
A really really long time ago i used a light bulb in series with a high current diode to charge the car battery which went too low to start the car. I think it was a 100 watt light bulb but it was a long time ago and it could have been higher.
The 100 watt light bulb at 120v draws a bit less than an amp, but with the 14v drop of the battery it will allow maybe around an amp of current to flow. It takes a while, but it charges enough to start the car (i think it was a 390 cu in V8 engine).
It works, but you have to be careful because the bulb resistance is maybe only 8 to 10 ohms when it is first connected. That means the battery will get a large surge current at first and then it will taper off quickly. I was in the basement when i plugged it in just in case
So you do have to be careful when using light bulbs to limit the current.
Since you need more current you'd need more light bulbs in parallel or else a larger size light bulb. That could be a problem because then the surge would be higher. For 10 bulbs that would mean 10 times the surge which could mean 100 amps. A car battery could probably take that, but again you'd have to be very careful.
The other point is that without a transformer or other true power conversion the current the battery draws is the same current the line sees, which means the efficiency will be very bad. As others have pointed out, if you use a transformer that has a higher voltage and some power resistors, the line voltage fluctuations will affect the current. But this depends highly on what the secondary voltage is. The closer it is to the actual required voltage (like 14 or so volts) the more it will affect the current. So in some cases it will matter and some it wont.
Linear voltage regulators come at a price too, they need very good heat sinking or else they go into thermal cutout which means little or no current. Nice size heatsinks will work but small ones probably not. If it is a one time charge that does not have to be repeated very hour or something, then you might get away with immersing a smaller heat sink in a container of distilled water. That will keep it cool pretty long because the specific heat capacity of water is like 8 times that of copper (and aluminum). If it has all night to cool off, you can charge again in the morning.