Can you please shed a bit of light on how this circuit which says "SCANNER circuit above illuminates one of the ten LEDs at a time. " work? specially the function of the transistors? I know how the 4017 works though.
The transistors comprise a transistor bi stable multivibrator. Much as was very popular long before the 555 was dreamed of. So the transistors configured as a multivibrator comprise the clock circuit to drive the clock input of the 4017. That is about it, they are the clock.