converting 220v ac signal to logic signal

emb · Jun 28, 2018

HI All,,,

I have a push button on the 220v AC side connected to neutral line...I need it to produce a logic signal when it pressed.

what i think to do something like this

any modification ?
is there any disadvantages using this approach ?
is there any other method better to use ?

regards

Colin · Jun 28, 2018

You have got a logic signal.

JimB · Jun 28, 2018

Mashare said:
i think to do something like this

What you have there is a good safe option.

Mashare said:
any modification ?

You may need to add some de-bouncing circuitry to the input to the micro.
You could use an opto-isolator instead of a relay. May be cheaper if you have several inputs, but you will also have to rectify and smooth the signal into or out from the opto-isolator.

JimB

Nigel Goodwin · Jun 28, 2018

It's perfectly fine, and will work - however, it's somewhat large, expensive, and crude - but for simplicity, and safety (as a mains relay is intrinsically isolating) it's hard to beat.

A 'nicer' method would be an opto-isolator, but it's not as simple as a relay.

emb · Jun 28, 2018

thank you all

i searched about opto-coupler method and find the following circuit

how can i choose the value of R1,R2 and R3 values ? ZD value?

regards

emb · Jun 28, 2018

JimB said:
You may need to add some de-bouncing circuitry to the input to the micro.
Y

adding 0.1uF i parallel with R1 enough to de-bounce the signal ?

Colin · Jun 28, 2018

A capacitor-fed power supply would be much simpler and much cooler.
100n in half-wave allows 3.5mA or 7mA in full wave so you can work out the value you need.

Nigel Goodwin · Jun 28, 2018

Mashare said:
adding 0.1uF i parallel with R1 enough to de-bounce the signal ?

No, you can't just add a capacitor, it's probably easier to just do it in software - I'm sure there must be endless Arduino examples.

emb · Jun 28, 2018

Colin said:
A capacitor-fed power supply would be much simpler and much cooler.
100n in half-wave allows 3.5mA or 7mA in full wave so you can work out the value you need.

could you post a sketch of your approach ?

ronsimpson · Jun 28, 2018

Mashare said:
i think to do something like this

I use a 5 volt wall wort. (cell phone charger) We all have boxes of them laying around.
Input 110/220 ac, output 5V dc
The turn on has a small delay. The turn off will have a long delay unless you put a load on it. I usually put 10mA LED + resistor load so I can see what is happening.

AnalogKid · Jun 28, 2018

As you can see, there are several different methods to do what you want, each with different characteristics. How fast a response do you kneed? That is, does the uC need to see a signal the instant AC is present, or is a short delay acceptable. For example, the relay method will energize and release within about 1/10th second of when the switch is pressed and released. The signal from a 5 V wall wart will activate a little slower, maybe 1/2 second, but might release much slower, like a few seconds.

ak

emb · Jun 30, 2018

hi all,,

i found the following circuit using optocoupler

any modification ?

should i use protective elements ?

the power rating of the resistors ?

regards

Nigel Goodwin · Jun 30, 2018

C1 is the crucial component, it MUST be a special capacitor rated for this use - it must be X-rated.

R3 should probably be a fusible type, as it's there as a fuse - R1 and R2 are just to discharge the capacitor.

BTW, this circuit provides AC pulses on the output, not a DC voltage.

emb · Jun 30, 2018

Nigel Goodwin said:
C1 is the crucial component, it MUST be a special capacitor rated for this use - it must be X-rated.

R3 should probably be a fusible type, as it's there as a fuse - R1 and R2 are just to discharge the capacitor.

BTW, this circuit provides AC pulses on the output, not a DC voltage.

I simulate the circuit the output was 5v .
when the button pressed the output goes low and still low while button pressed..

Is there a problem in simulator ?

When I remove the bridge the output was AC pulses when the button pressed

Regards

Nigel Goodwin · Jun 30, 2018

Mashare said:
Is there a problem in simulator ?

I don't use simulators, but they often don't work as in real life.

There's no AC smoothing in that circuit, so the output will be a pulse not DC.

Did you have the simulator input as DC instead of AC?.

emb · Jun 30, 2018

Nigel Goodwin said:
I don't use simulators, but they often don't work as in real life.

There's no AC smoothing in that circuit, so the output will be a pulse not DC.

Did you have the simulator input as DC instead of AC?.

No .. it's a.c. input

What should I do to get DC output ?

MaxHeadRoom78 · Jun 30, 2018

Why are you switching the neutral?, normally never done.
Live side only.
Max.

alec_t · Jun 30, 2018

Mashare said:
when the button pressed the output goes low and still low while button pressed

How were you checking the output? A DMM will average the signal and show it as very close to 0V, whereas in fact it is a series of very brief 5VDC pulses (one pulse per half-cycle).

Diver300 · Jun 30, 2018

You could just use a 240 Vac powered 5 V supply, such as a mains driven USB supply that you have kicking around. All your isolation and smoothing is taken care of in the power supply. You may need a load resistor to discharge the output as with no other load it could take some time to decay.

If you do use a relay, I would suggest a much smaller load resistor than 10 kΩ. I would use something like 500 Ω to ensure 10 mA flows though the contacts when they close to help keep the contact working. The actual current needed depends on the relay and a minimum current is often quoted for them.

emb · Jun 30, 2018

MaxHeadRoom78 said:
Why are you switching the neutral?, normally never done.
Live side only.
Max.

I have a switch already connected to neutral

alec_t said:
How were you checking the output? A DMM will average the signal and show it as very close to 0V, whereas in fact it is a series of very brief 5VDC pulses (one pulse per half-cycle).

yes i used DMM and i check the output on the oscilloscope it was as you say..

converting 220v ac signal to logic signal

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