Sorry, but I've never heard of charge bootstrapping as related to motor driving.
Where did you see that term?
Bootstrapping to provide a gate supply to the high-side NMOS in a half-bridge.
I'll only briefly describe it to get you started. Read more on the links below.
Bootstraps provide a floating voltage supply to drive the gate of N-channel devices. This requirement arises whenever you use N-channel devices like NMOS on the high-side of an half-bridge (a H-bridge is two half bridges and a 3-phase/BLDC motor driver is three half-bridges).
The source terminal on these high-side N-channel devices is floating (not at a fixed potential). You can see that this a problem since it is the gate-to-source voltage that turns the FET on and off.
Bootstrap is one method. A boostrap diode and boostrap capacitor are connected in series between the gate-drive voltage supply and the source terminal of the high-side FET (the output node of the half-bridge that connects the motor, the point where the high and low-side transistors connect). Look in the links provided to find a diagram.
Whenever the low-side transistor closes, the diode lets the bootstrap capacitor charge up to the gate-drive supply. Then whenever the low-side FET opens, this boostrap capacitor floats on whatever voltage is at the high-side FET source terminal. The diode is there to prevent the boostrap capacitor from discharging back into the gate-drive supply when the low-side transistor opens and the capacitor floats up above the gate-drive supply. The boostrap capacitor then powers the circuits driving the high-side NMOS gate.
You can't achieve 100% duty cycle with this method since the capacitor will eventually discharge. The boostrap capacitor recharges whenever the low-side transistor closes (which happens frequently in most motor drive algorithms. If it doesn't happen frequently, you need to make it happen..like synchronous switching in your half-bridge or something like that).
The boostrap capacitor needs to charge up to a voltage high enough to fully turn on the MOSFET (which should happen if the bootstrap is charged by the gate-drive supply since this supply drives the low-side transistors directly.). The capacitor needs to be large enough to keep the transistor on.
MOSFET gates are capacitors. Once they are charged to the voltage to turn them on, they draw almost zero current. But to turn them on fast for high frequency switching you need to provide a big current burst to charge up the gate capacitance quickly. This current is NOT the same as the motor current. I am only talking about the gate signal used to turn the MOSFET on and off.
https://www.infineon.com/dgdl/Infin...N.pdf?fileId=5546d462584d1d4a01585242c11947b1
https://www.infineon.com/dgdl/an-978.pdf?fileId=5546d462533600a40153559f7cf21200
https://www.infineon.com/dgdl/an-1123.pdf?fileId=5546d462533600a40153559692661096