I think the "buzzer" is actually a little speaker that needs 12VAC from an audio amplifier and tone generator and will just click one time with DC.
You need a piezo beeper that has a built-in oscillator circuit so it works on DC.
Agreed, I'll keep it simple.Nothing to worry on my side.
1. Don't worry, everybody starts from zero. I went to that stage also, I understand your doubts. Basically, what you've done is great. Knowing first the basics of each components (resistor, capacitors, transistors, etc.). After that, you must know the principles on how each component works, theoretically and mathematically. After which, I suggest to go for circuit analysis. I don't know any website for tutorials. All I have is based on my experience in designing at work. Maybe others can help you through this thread.
Yeah, I would suggest to go on parallel. It would be easier. Don't try to dig deeper into this simple circuit, you might be discourage if you seen complicated one. lol.
I had actually read someone say to double it, but that seemed a little extreme, so thank you for that number, that should help. I've actually already burned out a LED (and my finger, lol) when I first started learning. I got a little ahead of myself and put a battery against a LED, no resistor. Burned the snot out of my finger and ruined the LED, which was built into a board. :/2. You're calculation is correct. But just to be safe, use higher than 145 ohms, not lower. Not to high also because it might dim your LED. I would say 200 ohms is enough. Resistors have tolerances, you might fall at the limit where your LED will be the fireworks.
3. I got your point now and I could imagine the circuit. I'm good at imagining. hehehe. The LED/Buzzer can be called sub-circuit and the whole design we can call it as module or system. This is not standard naming, but I usually use this terms.
4. The nicrome is a good heating element. But with your design, you're actually shorting your battery because the nicrome is a very low resistance. It might blown the fuse, but depends on the current capability of your battery. If you use the car battery, its unlimited current. It will give what is demanded and in return, fast drain. I would suggest to add a resistor in series of the nicrome. The value would depend on the material (nicrome). What you need to do is to compute how much current needed is enough for the nicrome to ignite. It's more on the characteristic of the material. I'm not good at that point.
The tiny cheap Chinese battery has hardly any capacity (like AAA Ni-MH cells). It will quickly be destroyed if it is discharged too low.
Ah, ok... chances are the stuff I'm working with is going to have a very low rating, but I don't have access to data sheets on any of it as it was part of a mixed pack of starter junk.Nothing will be burned up if you properly calculated the requirements and consider all the parameters. Even if you have the right resistance, it doesn't mean the resistor will not blow up. We need to consider the power and the energy applied to each components. I know I'm talking a bit more advance, but you need to note this stuff also. In order to know that things will not blown up, calculated the power, energy, voltage, or whatever is necessary and compare it against the ratings of your devices or components. Do you know what I mean? Even the wires have ratings on how much current and voltage it can take.
Any how, its not the voltage nor current that can destroy an electronic component. It is the energy applied to it. Just make sure that the components can withstand the given energy. Few notes below.
The cheap battery is only 1.2Ah which is almost the same as tiny AAA Ni-MH cells.That doesn't sound good... could you elaborate on that point a bit?
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