I read a *lot*. Whatever you think that means, multiply by 10.
Where to begin. This is not the first time you have stated (as opposed to opined) that my knowledge is somehow old, as if the physics of the universe have magically changes when no one was looking. Of course, you have been wrong every time, but it supports you pre-conceptions so you keep going with it. The *only* reason I mentioned 1974 is that that is the date of the patent that *you* referenced. I mentioned the racks of equipment needed to support the concept because most people - like you - do not have the technical background to see what is *not* in the patent description. I am way more aware than most people of the advancements in electronics and software over the last 5 decades, for the simple reason that I worked in electronics and software for the last 5 decades, including both university-level research and military equipment. Not only do I know what a smart phone can do, I know why and how, right down to the component and OS levels.
BTW, back then, the electret microphone cartridge already was in use world wide for about 20 years, and was about the size of a marble. Dynamic mics were the standard for quality because those electret cartridges had very poor bass response. But even way back then, the actual dynamic cartridge was much smaller than you describe. Today's MEMS microphones (in your phone) are much smaller, and an absolute ***** to solder in place by hand, but they sound like crap.
Also, a typical smartphone CPU has a higher clock speed than the "big iron" mainframes of the 60's, and a ton more memory. But they are completely bogged down by much worse net I/O bandwidth and indescribably bad software design.
ak