PLC's most commonly use ladder language, kindof a graphical type language where the software 'looks' like a schematic diagram, some older plc's use statement but you dont want to get into that.
More complex plc's can be programmed in C, or should I say you can write function blocks in C and pass variables to and from it.
Siemens make one called a 'logo', this would be the one I'd reccomend to learn on.