For a standard seven segment display, there are chips that will convert a binary input to seven segment display, or you can use my 4 bit converter that i designed with just logic gates... the pdf is available here: **broken link removed**
It's a bit unclear what he wants. My initial guess was that he wants to display 0 - F on a single 7-segment display. The DM9368 would do that when it was still made, but apparently it's been discontinued. I searched, but wasn't able to find a replacement part. If you can find one somewhere, get it. Otherwise, perhaps you could get someone to program a PAL or GAL with your required logic? Or maybe program a small PIC to do it? Building it from gates, like in pianoman's diagram, seems like a lot of work and gates for the function it's going to perform.
...for the truly insane (me) I have just derived the truth table for an 8 bit binary to decimal converter, and will make a schematic next week for it... the truth table, in excel is 6 pages long....