MPLAB X adding two RETLW 0x00 lines at the start.

[Diver300]

I've just started using a PIC12F1571, which is only supported with MPLAB X. I'm programming in assembly, and the only file that is included is the p12F1571 file that Microchip provide.

For some reason, MPLAB X adds two RETLW 0x00 lines at the start, which prevents the program from running due to stack underflow.

How do I stop that happening?

 

[be80be]

Your using the generated asm file or a blank. Mine didn't add nothing i tried a blink. I'm using 4.05 of mplab

 

[Diver300]

I'm using MPLAB X IDE v3.55

I started with a blank asm file. Here is what is contains:-

#include "p12f1571.inc"

; CONFIG1
; __config 0x3FFC
 __CONFIG _CONFIG1, _FOSC_INTOSC & _WDTE_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _MCLRE_ON & _CP_OFF & _BOREN_ON & _CLKOUTEN_OFF
; CONFIG2
; __config 0x3EFF
 __CONFIG _CONFIG2, _WRT_OFF & _PLLEN_OFF & _STVREN_ON & _BORV_LO & _LPBOREN_OFF & _LVP_ON



#pragma code

#define count1 0x30
#define count2 0x31


    nop
    movlb    0x01
    bsf    TRISA, 4
    movlb    0x00
   
   
mainloop
    bsf    PORTA, 4
   
loop1
    decfsz    count1, f
    goto    loop1
    decfsz    count2, f
    goto    loop1
   
    bcf    PORTA, 4
   
loop2
    decfsz    count1, f
    goto    loop2 
    decfsz    count2, f
    goto    loop2
   
    goto    mainloop
   
   
    end

Here is what the output of the assembler is:-

      Line      Address       Opcode      Label            DisAssy         
       1     000           3400                    RETLW 0x0               
       2     001           3400                    RETLW 0x0               
       3     002           0000                    NOP                     
       4     003           0021                    MOVLB 0x1               
       5     004           160C                    BSF TRISA, 0x4           
       6     005           0020                    MOVLB 0x0               
       7     006           160C                    BSF PORTA, 0x4           
       8     007           0BB0                    DECFSZ 0x30, F           
       9     008           2807                    GOTO 0x7                 
      10     009           0BB1                    DECFSZ 0x31, F           
      11     00A           2807                    GOTO 0x7                 
      12     00B           120C                    BCF PORTA, 0x4           
      13     00C           0BB0                    DECFSZ 0x30, F           
      14     00D           280C                    GOTO 0xC                 
      15     00E           0BB1                    DECFSZ 0x31, F           
      16     00F           280C                    GOTO 0xC                 
      17     010           2806                    GOTO 0x6

 

[Les Jones]

I have not seen the statement "#pragma code" in assembler. (I think I have seen it in a "C" program but I dont understand "C") What does this do ? Also you have no org statment to tell the assembler which address to start the code at. I have just had a look at MPASN v5.55 (Which I use at the moment.) and the PIC12F1571 is supported in that.

Les.

 

[be80be]

This is what I got

Disassembly Listing for test
Generated From:
/home/burt/code/asm/dist/default/production/asm.production.cof
Nov 28, 2017 5:15:49 AM

---  /home/burt/code/asm/newpic_8b_general.asm  ---------------------------------------------------------
                                                  1:     #include "p12f1571.inc"
                                                  2:    
                                                  3:     ; CONFIG1
                                                  4:     ; __config 0x3FFC
                                                  5:      __CONFIG _CONFIG1, _FOSC_INTOSC & _WDTE_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _MCLRE_ON & _CP_OFF & _BOREN_ON & _CLKOUTEN_OFF
                                                  6:     ; CONFIG2
                                                  7:     ; __config 0x3EFF
                                                  8:      __CONFIG _CONFIG2, _WRT_OFF & _PLLEN_OFF & _STVREN_ON & _BORV_LO & _LPBOREN_OFF & _LVP_ON
                                                  9:    
                                                  10:  
                                                  11:  
                                                  12:    #pragma code
                                                  13:  
                                                  14:  
                                                  15:    #define count1 0x30
                                                  16:    #define count2 0x31
                                                  17:  
                                                  18:  
0002  0000     NOP                                19:        nop
0003  0021     MOVLB 0x1                          20:        movlb    0x01
0004  160C     BSF TRISA, 0x4                     21:        bsf    TRISA, 4
0005  0020     MOVLB 0x0                          22:        movlb    0x00
                                                  23:      
                                                  24:      
                                                  25:    mainloop
0006  160C     BSF PORTA, 0x4                     26:        bsf    PORTA, 4
                                                  27:      
                                                  28:    loop1
0007  0BB0     DECFSZ 0x30, F                     29:        decfsz    count1, f
0008  2807     GOTO 0x7                           30:        goto    loop1
0009  0BB1     DECFSZ 0x31, F                     31:        decfsz    count2, f
000A  2807     GOTO 0x7                           32:        goto    loop1
                                                  33:      
000B  120C     BCF PORTA, 0x4                     34:        bcf    PORTA, 4
                                                  35:      
                                                  36:    loop2
000C  0BB0     DECFSZ 0x30, F                     37:        decfsz    count1, f
000D  280C     GOTO 0xC                           38:        goto    loop2
000E  0BB1     DECFSZ 0x31, F                     39:        decfsz    count2, f
000F  280C     GOTO 0xC                           40:        goto    loop2
                                                  41:      
0010  2806     GOTO 0x6                           42:        goto    mainloop
                                                  43:      
                                                  44:      
8007  0000     NOP                                45:        end

 

[jpanhalt]

What happens if you use a more conventional beginning based on the old templates, e.g.,

    ORG     0x0000            ;processor reset vector
    PAGESEL START
    BRA     START             ;According to Microchip, when using debug
                              ;header, first inst. may be passed over by ICD2.

;******************************************************************************
;                        INTERRUPT SERVCE ROUTINE
;******************************************************************************
     ORG       0x0004  
     nop
     retfie

;******************************************************************************
START

 

[be80be]

I use this to start with in Mplab x

;*******************************************************************************
;                                                                              *
;    Microchip licenses this software to you solely for use with Microchip     *
;    products. The software is owned by Microchip and/or its licensors, and is *
;    protected under applicable copyright laws.  All rights reserved.          *
;                                                                              *
;    This software and any accompanying information is for suggestion only.    *
;    It shall not be deemed to modify Microchip?s standard warranty for its    *
;    products.  It is your responsibility to ensure that this software meets   *
;    your requirements.                                                        *
;                                                                              *
;    SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS".  MICROCHIP AND ITS LICENSORS EXPRESSLY      *
;    DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING  *
;    BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS    *
;    FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL          *
;    MICROCHIP OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,         *
;    INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR LOST DATA, HARM TO     *
;    YOUR EQUIPMENT, COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, TECHNOLOGY OR    *
;    SERVICES, ANY CLAIMS BY THIRD PARTIES (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY   *
;    DEFENSE THEREOF), ANY CLAIMS FOR INDEMNITY OR CONTRIBUTION, OR OTHER      *
;    SIMILAR COSTS.                                                            *
;                                                                              *
;    To the fullest extend allowed by law, Microchip and its licensors         *
;    liability shall not exceed the amount of fee, if any, that you have paid  *
;    directly to Microchip to use this software.                               *
;                                                                              *
;    MICROCHIP PROVIDES THIS SOFTWARE CONDITIONALLY UPON YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF    *
;    THESE TERMS.                                                              *
;                                                                              *
;*******************************************************************************
;                                                                              *
;    Filename:                                                                 *
;    Date:                                                                     *
;    File Version:                                                             *
;    Author:                                                                   *
;    Company:                                                                  *
;    Description:                                                              *
;                                                                              *
;*******************************************************************************
;                                                                              *
;    Notes: In the MPLAB X Help, refer to the MPASM Assembler documentation    *
;    for information on assembly instructions.                                 *
;                                                                              *
;*******************************************************************************
;                                                                              *
;    Known Issues: This template is designed for relocatable code.  As such,   *
;    build errors such as "Directive only allowed when generating an object    *
;    file" will result when the 'Build in Absolute Mode' checkbox is selected  *
;    in the project properties.  Designing code in absolute mode is            *
;    antiquated - use relocatable mode.                                        *
;                                                                              *
;*******************************************************************************
;                                                                              *
;    Revision History:                                                         *
;                                                                              *
;*******************************************************************************



;*******************************************************************************
; Processor Inclusion
;
; TODO Step #1 Open the task list under Window > Tasks.  Include your
; device .inc file - e.g. #include <device_name>.inc.  Available
; include files are in C:\Program Files\Microchip\MPLABX\mpasmx
; assuming the default installation path for MPLAB X.  You may manually find
; the appropriate include file for your device here and include it, or
; simply copy the include generated by the configuration bits
; generator (see Step #2).
;
;*******************************************************************************

; TODO INSERT INCLUDE CODE HERE

;*******************************************************************************
;
; TODO Step #2 - Configuration Word Setup
;
; The 'CONFIG' directive is used to embed the configuration word within the
; .asm file. MPLAB X requires users to embed their configuration words
; into source code.  See the device datasheet for additional information
; on configuration word settings.  Device configuration bits descriptions
; are in C:\Program Files\Microchip\MPLABX\mpasmx\P<device_name>.inc
; (may change depending on your MPLAB X installation directory).
;
; MPLAB X has a feature which generates configuration bits source code.  Go to
; Window > PIC Memory Views > Configuration Bits.  Configure each field as
; needed and select 'Generate Source Code to Output'.  The resulting code which
; appears in the 'Output Window' > 'Config Bits Source' tab may be copied
; below.
;
;*******************************************************************************

; TODO INSERT CONFIG HERE

;*******************************************************************************
;
; TODO Step #3 - Variable Definitions
;
; Refer to datasheet for available data memory (RAM) organization assuming
; relocatible code organization (which is an option in project
; properties > mpasm (Global Options)).  Absolute mode generally should
; be used sparingly.
;
; Example of using GPR Uninitialized Data
;
;   GPR_VAR        UDATA
;   MYVAR1         RES        1      ; User variable linker places
;   MYVAR2         RES        1      ; User variable linker places
;   MYVAR3         RES        1      ; User variable linker places
;
;   ; Example of using Access Uninitialized Data Section (when available)
;   ; The variables for the context saving in the device datasheet may need
;   ; memory reserved here.
;   INT_VAR        UDATA_ACS
;   W_TEMP         RES        1      ; w register for context saving (ACCESS)
;   STATUS_TEMP    RES        1      ; status used for context saving
;   BSR_TEMP       RES        1      ; bank select used for ISR context saving
;
;*******************************************************************************

; TODO PLACE VARIABLE DEFINITIONS GO HERE

;*******************************************************************************
; Reset Vector
;*******************************************************************************

RES_VECT  CODE    0x0000            ; processor reset vector
    GOTO    START                   ; go to beginning of program

;*******************************************************************************
; TODO Step #4 - Interrupt Service Routines
;
; There are a few different ways to structure interrupt routines in the 8
; bit device families.  On PIC18's the high priority and low priority
; interrupts are located at 0x0008 and 0x0018, respectively.  On PIC16's and
; lower the interrupt is at 0x0004.  Between device families there is subtle
; variation in the both the hardware supporting the ISR (for restoring
; interrupt context) as well as the software used to restore the context
; (without corrupting the STATUS bits).
;
; General formats are shown below in relocatible format.
;
;------------------------------PIC16's and below--------------------------------
;
; ISR       CODE    0x0004           ; interrupt vector location
;
;     <Search the device datasheet for 'context' and copy interrupt
;     context saving code here.  Older devices need context saving code,
;     but newer devices like the 16F#### don't need context saving code.>
;
;     RETFIE
;
;----------------------------------PIC18's--------------------------------------
;
; ISRHV     CODE    0x0008
;     GOTO    HIGH_ISR
; ISRLV     CODE    0x0018
;     GOTO    LOW_ISR
;
; ISRH      CODE                     ; let linker place high ISR routine
; HIGH_ISR
;     <Insert High Priority ISR Here - no SW context saving>
;     RETFIE  FAST
;
; ISRL      CODE                     ; let linker place low ISR routine
; LOW_ISR
;       <Search the device datasheet for 'context' and copy interrupt
;       context saving code here>
;     RETFIE
;
;*******************************************************************************

; TODO INSERT ISR HERE

;*******************************************************************************
; MAIN PROGRAM
;*******************************************************************************

MAIN_PROG CODE                      ; let linker place main program

START

    ; TODO Step #5 - Insert Your Program Here

    MOVLW 0x55                      ; your instructions
    GOTO $                          ; loop forever

    END
[code]

 

[Diver300]

What happens if you use a more conventional beginning based on the old templates, e.g.,

    ORG     0x0000            ;processor reset vector

I think that was what I needed. It now puts the code at the start and runs it. Thanks for your help.

 

[be80be]

You do know that you can start with the simple asm file and set you configure and it add's org for you.
You get a file like this to start......

; TODO INSERT CONFIG CODE HERE USING CONFIG BITS GENERATOR
#include "p12f1571.inc"

; CONFIG1
; __config 0xFFFF
 __CONFIG _CONFIG1, _FOSC_ECH & _WDTE_ON & _PWRTE_OFF & _MCLRE_ON & _CP_OFF & _BOREN_ON & _CLKOUTEN_OFF
; CONFIG2
; __config 0xFFFF
 __CONFIG _CONFIG2, _WRT_OFF & _PLLEN_ON & _STVREN_ON & _BORV_LO & _LPBOREN_OFF & _LVP_ON
RES_VECT  CODE    0x0000            ; processor reset vector
    GOTO    START                   ; go to beginning of program

; TODO ADD INTERRUPTS HERE IF USED

MAIN_PROG CODE                      ; let linker place main program

START

    GOTO $                          ; loop forever

    END

Then edit with your code.
the new 4.05 mplab x is way better the 3.xx there been lots of bug fixes.

 

[jpanhalt]

Diver300

Glad it worked for you. Just FYI, I was playing with relocatable code and MPLab 8.92 (I always write absolute). There was no problem if I included an operand for the #pragma directive:

John