Yea i was definitely in the wrong place at the beginning of this thread, the predko books (evil genuis pic MCU experiments AND programming and customizing the Pic MCU) just really have no basis on progressive learning. Predkos approach reminds me of an old piano teacher I ditched. No explanation of why things are the way they are, he just put the theory out there (verbally) in ten seconds without establishing a foundation. I tried to read predko's foundation chapters and theres a lot of missing information and he rambles about stupid stuff like what he did when he was drunk in college. i dont have time for that so naturally i skip forward and well..... i digress...