I always thought it might be easier/faster to maintain an LCD buffer in RAM in the host if you needed that capability but I suppose that would really only be practical for small 2x16, 2x20, 4x20, etc., character type displays.
Reading data from the LCD isn't given very much attention in the articles, except for the busy bit. Not many people do it because really, what's the point. You already wrote it. You probably already know what you wrote. It's not like it's a lot of data. Just save the state of the LCD in the MCU. Only the busy bit is really useful.
But if you have a reason to want to read data from the LCD, you can.