Just for fun, I have tricked transformers to operate the way you want. I used a variable voltage, variable frequency AC supply.
To sextuple the allowable input voltage, you would have to sextuple the frequency. I assume your AC mains is 50 Hz, so that would mean 300 Hz.
Of course, when you do this two things happen:
-Core losses become sky high and the transformer core starts getting very hot, very quickly.
-The insulation will be hissing and crackling due to corona discharge.
As I said, I did this only for fun and for 10 to 15 seconds at most.