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No continuous time filter can have infinite attenuation (no signal pass through) over a band of frequencies, although it can have infinite attenuation at a finite number of points.
See the heading "Paley-Wiener Theorem" here: http://www.ws.binghamton.edu/Fowler/Fowler Personal...
The source shown in your image shows what is apparently a VCVS (voltage controlled voltage source). This is not typically how a vacuum tube is modeled. One resistor is labeled "Rd", typically how a "drain resistor" would be labeled. Also, there is a voltage labeled "Vs" which is what a person...
What method does your new meter use to measure capacitance? Does it apply a sine wave test signal, or does it measure the time to charge to a specified voltage?
That document says:
"ESR is very large at low frequencies, decreases very quickly as frequency increases, and continues to decrease at a much slower rate as frequency continues to increase"
This is not true for every kind of capacitor. Compare the sweeps I posted for the "Bumblebee" paper cap...
Here is the result of a sweep of a Milspec hermetically sealed tantalum made by Texas Instruments. The ESR is about 204 milliohms at 100 Hz decreasing to 108 milliohms at 100 kHz. On the logarithmic scale used for the display, the ESR hardly seems to vary at all. This is probably the smallest...
ESR does vary with frequency, but sometimes it doesn't vary much, and sometimes it varies a lot.
We can use an impedance analyzer to measure several different types of capacitor and see just how ESR varies with frequency. The following images show the impedance magnitude |Z| and ESR of a...
The reason you never see it mentioned is because meters that can measure it don't call it EPR (equivalent parallel resistance), they call it Rp. They also call ESR by the name Rs. Even the low cost currently available LCR meters like the DE-5000 can measure both Rs and Rp.
It should be noted...
Look here: https://github.com/lorf/transistortester/blob/config/T4-Li-Ion/Doku/trunk/pdftex/english/ttester.pdf
on page 99 (section 5.3.8). If anyone can understand exactly what the test does, please explain to the rest of us.
Considering how many solutions there are for the 7 rod case, a problem with an iterative method for many rod cases is that the iterative process might converge to any one of the solutions. The fact that the undesired solutions always have at least one of the Rx values as negative can probably...
By using a high-powered mathematical software (Mathematica), we can get a solution for the 3 simultaneous equations:
However, trying for a solution with more than 3 ground rods didn't work. Mathematica ran for 5 minutes with no solution, so I stopped it. I think a symbolic solution would...
The usual thing to do to show the performance of your circuit is to plot families of curves showing the response of the bass and treble controls separately.
See figures 4.4 and 4.5 on this page: https://www.angelfire.com/electronic/funwithtubes/Amp-Tone-A.html
From post #23, Apothecary said: "I ordered a 117v to 25v filament transformer and it arrived yesterday. But since I still have to make connections to live 120AC to the transformer, using the probes still seems safer......but again, you are the expert. Thanks. "
He should at least give it a...
Edit: I made a typo in the paragraph below. Originally it said "The primary of the transformer is connected to the output of the loaded transformer". It has been corrected.
The generator can be tested under load when using a filament transformer. The primary of the transformer is connected...
The primary of the transformer is specifically intended to be connected to the grid, and the common mode rejection is better.
The transformer also provides galvanic isolation--there is no pathway from the grid to your scope except through a magnetic field in the transformer. Any high voltage...
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