PWM controller

[AirWalker83]

hi everybody.......
I had saw the datasheet of L298N which the current limit can be raised up by parellel the 2 H-Bridge in the IC. Actually it raised up to how many ampere?
i hear that u all sugest to use power MOSFET, but i actually still dun understand how it can become motor driver???can somebody help?
Or is ther any motor in the market have the same torque as power window motor but will draw less current?
thanks...........

 

[audioguru]

A Mosfet can switch many amps of current without much waste (heating).
The IRF3205 mentioned can conduct 30A and heat only 7.2W.

If you reduce the current for a motor then its torque becomes less.
A gearbox allows a low-current motor to have more torque but its action is slower.

 

[AirWalker83]

A Mosfet can switch many amps of current without much waste (heating).
The IRF3205 mentioned can conduct 30A and heat only 7.2W.

If you reduce the current for a motor then its torque becomes less.
A gearbox allows a low-current motor to have more torque but its action is slower.

thanks for your explaination. Then u have any circuit uisng IRF3205 to build dc motor driver???

 

[Sceadwian]

Take any of the thousands of readily available mosfet motor driver circuits and just replace the FET used with an IRF3205 (makeing sure the drive voltages are still acceptable)

 

[AirWalker83]

hi, i just buy a motor driver kit for my power window motor.
It can suipport up to 10A. I think it got 2 relays in the circuit.
i had sucessfull testing for the motor to run.
But for the PWM speed control, i didn't manage to do it.
At the spec, it say it can be used for speed control.
is it that is different way for PWM control using relay?
So, did anyboy have any idea regarding this problem?
Thanks

 

[audioguru]

The relays are probably for the motor to run forwards with one relay and run in reverse with the other relay.
The PWM circuit switches on and off the power to the motor much faster than a relay can to control the duty-cycle of the power to control the speed of the motor.

 

[AirWalker83]

The relays are probably for the motor to run forwards with one relay and run in reverse with the other relay.
The PWM circuit switches on and off the power to the motor much faster than a relay can to control the duty-cycle of the power to control the speed of the motor.

sorry, i still not quite understand about the PWM circuit and the relay?
is it PWM cannot use in relay?
Can sulution to control speed using relay?
Can u explain somemore?
thanks....

 

[dknguyen]

Relays can only go on or off. They cannot PWM. Relays wear out every time they switch. So if a relay can only handle 100,000 switches and you are switching them at 20kHz PWM...it wears out very very fast.

Transistors can switch on and off very fast.

So you might use relays to control direction since you aren't changing direction thousands of times per second, but then the current would have to pass through a transistor being switched with PWM to control the speed.

 

[Sceadwian]

PWM is almost never used for motor speed control when you're using a relay, the relay has to switch too fast and it will reduce it's lifetime by a factor of 10-100 makeing the relay burn out unuseably fast.

 

[Nigel Goodwin]

PWM is almost never used for motor speed control when you're using a relay, the relay has to switch too fast and it will reduce it's lifetime by a factor of 10-100 makeing the relay burn out unuseably fast.

Not strictly true, in fact it's very commonly done - you use the relay (DPDT) to reverse direction, and a single transistor or FET to provide the PWM - a lot cheaper and simpler (and more reliable) than an H-Bridge.

 

[cadstarsucks]

Not strictly true, in fact it's very commonly done - you use the relay (DPDT) to reverse direction, and a single transistor or FET to provide the PWM - a lot cheaper and simpler (and more reliable) than an H-Bridge.

True. We do it on a couple of units... though most units that do reverse direction are for relatively low power actuators as opposed to the 3HP main motors.

D.

 

[boardinsnowman]

a PWM with a regenerative brake

Hello,
I am doing an electronics project and I am completely stumped. I am trying to design a PWM speed controller for a 24v 300-500w DC motor. I've found a few circuit designs online but since my understanding is limited I'm afraid I'll build it wrong or pick the wrong one. So, could anyone point me in the right direction in designing the proper circuit for what it must do.

Ideally, this is what I want it to do--
-regulate the speed from 0-100%
-have a regenerative brake
-handle up to 50 amps (just in case)
-not make noise -although after reading this thread though it seems I'll have to stick to around 3khz
-be able to input 24-48v and still output 24v--I don't know if this is possible, but please let me know.

Some of what I've found-
https://www.4qdtec.com/pwm-01.html --pretty much what I'm looking for, scroll down to "A slightly more sophisticated controller" - but this one only goes from 0-90%
https://www.aaroncake.net/circuits/motorcon.asp --less like what im looking for
https://www.4qd.co.uk/fea/regen.html --how regenerative braking works
**broken link removed** --lots of info

Any help at all would be greatly appreciated for I'm at quite an impasse.

Thanks again,
-Ed

email address deleted - moderator.
Again, I'm a beginner so hopefully the specs I want are even possible....

 

[diaeldeen]

goooooooood

 

[Refusalspam]

I guess I'm very late to this discussion, but there are some points I'd like to bring up in case anyone is still reading. I'm not an expert, I've

1) FET swapping in a circuit diagram
I don't think you can just swap out one FET for another one in a PWM schematic. For N-channel MOSFETs you need the gate to source voltage to be around 8v to get max current (ie lowest resistance). Most of the time the supply voltage is the highest voltage and it will be tied to the source pin of the FET. Typically, you will want to use an N-channel MOSFET because of the lower resistance compared to the P-channel.

2) Reversed biased Diodes across the motor terminal
They is for both efficiency and protection as somebody said. This configuration is called a 'free-wheeling' diode and the diode must be able to switch faster than the pwm frequency. Its true that most FETs have a zener diode that will allow the kickback to be shorted to ground, but you would be wasting that power and heating up your FET even more.

3) Ideal PWM frequency
This tends to be a function of the motor speed. You only want to use as low of a frequency that will still give you smooth motor control at the highest rpm the motor is likely to go at under load. The reason for this is simple, no matter how fast a FET can switch, its still not instantaneous. During this time when the FET is half-on/half-off its resistance and current are fairly high meaning power dissipation is much higher than normal. The faster the pwm cycle the more time you spend heating up your FET (and diode). If you don't believe me, take a queue from competition level RC speed controllers like this one: **broken link removed**
The "drive frequency" can be adjusted from 1-11Khz. If higher was better then why bother with making it adjustable?

4) Lack of current limiting for "stall currents"
Most motors will consume a lot more current when stalled (rotor is locked). This is because the inductance of commutating coils in the motor keeps the current down when running, but a stalled motor will stop commutating leaving only the resistance in the motor windings to control the current. I get about .1 Ohm across the motor terminals of my cordless drill motor. At 10v that would be a 100 amp stall current! This doesn't just burn out your motor, but also the FET and possibly the diode.

 

[h.d]

what we need to apply PWM controlling for 20A 2hp dc-motor using the PIC microcontroller?

 

[indulis]

I know this thread is old, but for those that are interested, the circuit could be used to to make a SMPS. You just need to add an error amp and reference and you have a voltage mode PWM.

 

[audioguru]

Hi Indulis,
Welcome to this forum.

 

[bunghole]

what are the values of q2 and q3 in the schematic at the start of this thread, or do i have to make them something? and is there something that can takr the place of the bs170?

 

[RAKS]

I'm currently looking at PWM controller circuits because I need to design a DC-DC converter which I've never done as part of a home project before. I'll take a look at your circuit - thanks.

 

[Hero999]

Not strictly true, in fact it's very commonly done - you use the relay (DPDT) to reverse direction, and a single transistor or FET to provide the PWM - a lot cheaper and simpler (and more reliable) than an H-Bridge.

True but which is better and cheaper depends on the application, for a low powered motor, it's probably cheaper to use a full transistor h-bridge than a relay.