Stepper motor driver - Electronic Circuits Projects Diagrams Free

Jabir · 6th March 2006, 05:36 AM

Hai evryone.

I have a sanyo-denki 5.1v,1A,2kg-cm six wired stepper taken from an old
dot matrix printer. Two wires are the center taps.
I am using the unipolar configuration.

We are using a "MINI 51" Evaluation Board Which consist of an Philips
p89c668h micro controller of 8051 architecture for generating
the signals for the stepper.

Now The problem is The driving ckt. I made one with 2803.
but the torque is low and the IC overheats quickly.
The power supply indicated the current drawing is 700mA.

Can i use TIP122 darlingtons for the job?
Can i directly connect the TIP122 s with the microcontroller?
I read somewhere that for increasing torque and speed we have to increase the supply voltage. Is it fine?
Did it burns my motor?
Also what is the procedure ? just increase the voltage?

Plese help me.....
(I am a mech engg student.So please describe more)

Thanks in advance....

waleed alhadidi · 10th March 2006, 08:02 AM

Hi All
i want to control a 3.8 V , 4 A bipolar stepper motor with saa1027 IC and i dont know how to amplify the output signal from the IC to the motor , can anyone help me ???? :?:

bloody-orc · 10th March 2006, 08:59 AM

use transistors or FET's. how you ask? ask google the same question. or at least try to find how to use transistors/mosfets in that kind of place.

ppppking04 · 12th March 2006, 02:04 PM

Hello,
I would suggest you use L297 and 298 Ic's for driving the stepper motor...google it for its datasheets...i ve found them useful for driving steppers...

bloody-orc · 12th March 2006, 02:52 PM

or use 2 A3955 chips. those little bastards are perfect for the job. they even have microsteping. and also PWM. datasheet can be found in here: www.alldatasheets.com

philba · 18th March 2006, 11:07 PM

another choice is the L293 plus a little logic (inverter). the L293D has built-in diodes and can handle the current. use the L293 as 4 half H-bridges to drive each phase of the stepper. Use them as low side drivers. The L293D is like $2 from mouser.

what voltage are you using to drive the stepper? Does it have a resistance or voltage on the lable? the reason I ask is because if you run too high a voltage through it, the current will be too high and you could over-heat it.

If that's the case, you can PWM it and reduce the current while keeping voltage (and torque) up. worse case, you can use power resistors to control the current.

on the 4A stepper that was asked about - you need a pretty heavy duty controller. that is beyond the scope of this discussion. I'd look at getting a Gecko driver or similar. not cheap.

Phil

Jabir · 20th March 2006, 03:34 AM

Hello all.

Thanks for the discusion.

Sorry,i am a mechanical engg. student .So i dont prefer ICs.

ops: since i am not familiar with electronics.

I am using the unipolar config which deliver enough torque for my robo..
I made driver ckt using TIP122 darligtons. It works fine in 6 V,10 AH battery below 60 rpm.
But when trid to increase speed the motor starts vibration

Did you know the sln?
I am ready to increase voltage. Please tell me the procedure...

Thanks in advance
Jabir

philba · 20th March 2006, 03:59 AM

I would first try to figure out the other problems before increasing the voltage. are you certain you have the step sequence correct?

How big is your stepper? printer steppers tend to be pretty small, maybe it's just too small for the load you are placing on it.

Maybe you are already over-voltage? does the motor get hot? Have you measured the ohms of the coils? This should tell you the current draw. Measure the half coils and then use that to calculate current draw. For example, I have a stepper I pulled out of an inkjet printer. each half coil measures pretty close to 20 ohms (it's also printed on the label). at 12V, this would pull 600 mA per coil. No voltage is on the label but I'm pretty sure it couldn't handle 600 mA - the wires are pretty small probably 32 ga or smaller. I'd try reducing the voltage to see what happens.

If step sequence and voltage are right, it sounds like mis-aligned shafts or resonance. Resonance at 200 steps/sec is kind of unlikely (60 rpm - 1 r/sec, 1.8 deg/step is 200 steps). my guess is misalingment. how does it perform with motor shaft not connected?

**Nigel Goodwin** · 20th March 2006, 08:21 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Jabir

I am using the unipolar config which deliver enough torque for my robo..
I made driver ckt using TIP122 darligtons. It works fine in 6 V,10 AH battery below 60 rpm.
But when trid to increase speed the motor starts vibration

That sounds about right, 60rpm is about as fast as a stepper motor will run off it's rated supply. To increase speed you need to feed it from a higher voltage with current limiting resistors - if you google for "stepper motor tutorial" you will find all you need to know.

Jabir · 21st March 2006, 04:02 AM

My stepper is a Sanyo-denki, 550 gram weight, 52 mm in dia, 57 mm length ,5.1 volt, 1 amp 200 step/rev and six wired motor....
My step sequence is right. I found it using trial and error method..The rotation is perfect under no load and there is no chances of resonance. I am testing it with no load.

I had already measured the current drawn from the battery, 1.16 A just above the rated .
I had read many tutorials.. But unfortunately i cant understand the logic of adding current limitting resistors. sorry.. :cry:

help me if you have time....
Regards

Jabir

**Nigel Goodwin** · 21st March 2006, 08:32 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Jabir

I had already measured the current drawn from the battery, 1.16 A just above the rated .
I had read many tutorials.. But unfortunately i cant understand the logic of adding current limitting resistors. sorry.. :cry:

Try http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/e...tes/00907a.pdf, page 13 onwards.

Mike, K8LH · 26th March 2006, 12:17 PM

Jabir,

The current limiting resistors provide additional initial voltage to the stepper motor coils until the current catches up enough to develop the proper voltage drop across the resistor...

My 5v/1a NEMA-23 steppers didn't have much power/torque when I ran them from 5 volts... Running them from 12 volts with current limiting resistors made a big difference...

Please note that you can also "torque step" the steppers by energizing two coils for each step... This then requires 2-amps current each step but the power/torque improvement is quite significant...

Good luck with your project... Kind regards, Mike

bananasiong · 28th March 2006, 04:06 PM

here is the circuit that i just tried! it works with very high torque. i can drive the stepper in 12V with 5V signal.

any npn can be used in this circuit, as long as they can drive up to 800mA.

make sure that this circuit and the microcontroller have the common ground, i mean the -ve port of microcontroller should be connected to the -ve terminal of the supply.

if u want to drive the stepper motor higher than 5V, don't connect the D5, D6, D7 and D8 to the +ve port of the microcontroller, connect them to the Vcc.

it really works!!

**Nigel Goodwin** · 28th March 2006, 05:05 PM

I recognise that diagram! :lol:

It's really THAT simple to drive a stepper motor.

**Nigel Goodwin** · 28th March 2006, 05:06 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Nigel Goodwin

I recognise that diagram! :lol:

It really is THAT simple to drive a stepper motor.

J1 is a link so you can disconnect the 5V from the micro, and use an external higher voltage supply - no need to move the diodes.

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6th March 2006, 05:36 AM	(permalink)
Jabir	Stepper motor driver Hai evryone. I have a sanyo-denki 5.1v,1A,2kg-cm six wired stepper taken from an old dot matrix printer. Two wires are the center taps. I am using the unipolar configuration. We are using a "MINI 51" Evaluation Board Which consist of an Philips p89c668h micro controller of 8051 architecture for generating the signals for the stepper. Now The problem is The driving ckt. I made one with 2803. but the torque is low and the IC overheats quickly. The power supply indicated the current drawing is 700mA. Can i use TIP122 darlingtons for the job? Can i directly connect the TIP122 s with the microcontroller? I read somewhere that for increasing torque and speed we have to increase the supply voltage. Is it fine? Did it burns my motor? Also what is the procedure ? just increase the voltage? Plese help me..... (I am a mech engg student.So please describe more) Thanks in advance....

10th March 2006, 08:02 AM	(permalink)
waleed alhadidi	Hi All i want to control a 3.8 V , 4 A bipolar stepper motor with saa1027 IC and i dont know how to amplify the output signal from the IC to the motor , can anyone help me ???? :?:

10th March 2006, 08:59 AM	(permalink)
bloody-orc	use transistors or FET's. how you ask? ask google the same question. or at least try to find how to use transistors/mosfets in that kind of place. __________________ Need Help? Press F1 If that doesn\'t help you, ask me... I might know better.

12th March 2006, 02:04 PM	(permalink)
ppppking04	L297-298 Hello, I would suggest you use L297 and 298 Ic's for driving the stepper motor...google it for its datasheets...i ve found them useful for driving steppers...

12th March 2006, 02:52 PM	(permalink)
bloody-orc	or use 2 A3955 chips. those little bastards are perfect for the job. they even have microsteping. and also PWM. datasheet can be found in here: www.alldatasheets.com __________________ Need Help? Press F1 If that doesn\'t help you, ask me... I might know better.

18th March 2006, 11:07 PM	(permalink)
philba	another choice is the L293 plus a little logic (inverter). the L293D has built-in diodes and can handle the current. use the L293 as 4 half H-bridges to drive each phase of the stepper. Use them as low side drivers. The L293D is like $2 from mouser. what voltage are you using to drive the stepper? Does it have a resistance or voltage on the lable? the reason I ask is because if you run too high a voltage through it, the current will be too high and you could over-heat it. If that's the case, you can PWM it and reduce the current while keeping voltage (and torque) up. worse case, you can use power resistors to control the current. on the 4A stepper that was asked about - you need a pretty heavy duty controller. that is beyond the scope of this discussion. I'd look at getting a Gecko driver or similar. not cheap. Phil

20th March 2006, 03:34 AM	(permalink)
Jabir	Hello all. Thanks for the discusion. Sorry,i am a mechanical engg. student .So i dont prefer ICs. ops: since i am not familiar with electronics. I am using the unipolar config which deliver enough torque for my robo.. I made driver ckt using TIP122 darligtons. It works fine in 6 V,10 AH battery below 60 rpm. But when trid to increase speed the motor starts vibration Did you know the sln? I am ready to increase voltage. Please tell me the procedure... Thanks in advance Jabir

20th March 2006, 03:59 AM	(permalink)
philba	I would first try to figure out the other problems before increasing the voltage. are you certain you have the step sequence correct? How big is your stepper? printer steppers tend to be pretty small, maybe it's just too small for the load you are placing on it. Maybe you are already over-voltage? does the motor get hot? Have you measured the ohms of the coils? This should tell you the current draw. Measure the half coils and then use that to calculate current draw. For example, I have a stepper I pulled out of an inkjet printer. each half coil measures pretty close to 20 ohms (it's also printed on the label). at 12V, this would pull 600 mA per coil. No voltage is on the label but I'm pretty sure it couldn't handle 600 mA - the wires are pretty small probably 32 ga or smaller. I'd try reducing the voltage to see what happens. If step sequence and voltage are right, it sounds like mis-aligned shafts or resonance. Resonance at 200 steps/sec is kind of unlikely (60 rpm - 1 r/sec, 1.8 deg/step is 200 steps). my guess is misalingment. how does it perform with motor shaft not connected?

21st March 2006, 04:02 AM	(permalink)
Jabir	Thanks My stepper is a Sanyo-denki, 550 gram weight, 52 mm in dia, 57 mm length ,5.1 volt, 1 amp 200 step/rev and six wired motor.... My step sequence is right. I found it using trial and error method..The rotation is perfect under no load and there is no chances of resonance. I am testing it with no load. I had already measured the current drawn from the battery, 1.16 A just above the rated . I had read many tutorials.. But unfortunately i cant understand the logic of adding current limitting resistors. sorry.. :cry: help me if you have time.... Regards Jabir

26th March 2006, 12:17 PM	(permalink)
Mike, K8LH	Jabir, The current limiting resistors provide additional initial voltage to the stepper motor coils until the current catches up enough to develop the proper voltage drop across the resistor... My 5v/1a NEMA-23 steppers didn't have much power/torque when I ran them from 5 volts... Running them from 12 volts with current limiting resistors made a big difference... Please note that you can also "torque step" the steppers by energizing two coils for each step... This then requires 2-amps current each step but the power/torque improvement is quite significant... Good luck with your project... Kind regards, Mike

28th March 2006, 05:05 PM	(permalink)
Nigel Goodwin	I recognise that diagram! :lol: It's really THAT simple to drive a stepper motor. __________________ PIC programmer software, and PIC Tutorials at: http://www.winpicprog.co.uk