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usif · 11th January 2009, 09:38 AM

Hi guys, I have got a PIC dev kit with loads of LED's on it, and I have been successful in having them chase after each other. I have included the code I used for my 16F877A. I need help in creating a more efficient program.

Code:

// PIC16F877A
#include<system.h>

// _LVP_OFF disables Low Voltage Programming, enabling use of the RB3 output.
#pragma DATA _CONFIG, _CP_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _WDT_OFF & _HS_OSC & _LVP_OFF

#pragma CLOCK_FREQ 5000000

void main()
{
    // - turn portb inputs that we are using into digital mode.
    adcon1 = 00000110b;
    trisb = 0x00;
    trisc = 0x00;
    trisa = 0x00;
    while( 1 )
    {
            porta = 0x01;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x02;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x04;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x08;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x10;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x20;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x40;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x80;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        porta = 0x00;
    
        portb = 0x01;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x02;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x04;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x08;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x10;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x20;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x40;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x80;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portb = 0x00;

        portc = 0x01;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x02;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x04;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x08;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x10;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x20;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x40;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x80;
        delay_ms( 50 );
        portc = 0x00;
        
    }
    
}

I was thinking of having i as a variable and implementing this statement, but when I try it doesn't work:

Code:

for (i=8;i>0;i--)

How can I use this statement in my program.

Code:

// PIC16F877A
#include<system.h>

// _LVP_OFF disables Low Voltage Programming, enabling use of the RB3 output.
#pragma DATA _CONFIG, _CP_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _WDT_OFF & _HS_OSC & _LVP_OFF

#pragma CLOCK_FREQ 5000000

void main()
{
    // - turn portb inputs that we are using into digital mode.
    adcon1 = 00000110b;
    trisb = 0x00;
    trisc = 0x00;
    trisa = 0x00;
    while( 1 )
    {
    
		int i
		
		for(i=8;i>0;i--)
		
        porta = i;
        delay_ms( 50 );
             
         
        
    }
    
}

I know im awfully wrong with the second code

. Also ignore the fact that there are no portb, or portc in the second code

eng1 · 11th January 2009, 10:33 AM

Code:

    while( 1 )
    {
    
        int i;   // a semi-colon is required to tell the compiler that
                 // you're at the end of a command 
         
        for(i=8;i>0;i--)
        {
           // braces are required when you want to include
           // more lines in the body of the for instruction
           porta = i;
           delay_ms( 50 );
             
        }
        
    }

Now the code should compile correctly, but you might need to change your program using shift operators in the for loop to get the desired effect.

Your for loop sets PORTA pins as follows:
PORTA = 8 = b'00001000'
PORTA = 7 = b'00000111'
PORTA = 6 = b'00000110'
PORTA = 5 = b'00001001'
PORTA = 4 = b'00001000'
PORTA = 3 = b'00000011'
PORTA = 2 = b'00000010'
PORTA = 1 = b'00000001'

Pommie · 11th January 2009, 11:01 AM

My guess at this time of night

is,

Code:

void main()
{
char i;
    // - turn portb inputs that we are using into digital mode.
    adcon1 = 00000110b;
    trisb = 0x00;
    trisc = 0x00;
    trisa = 0x00;
    while( 1 )
    {
	for(i=1;i!=0;i<<=1){
	    porta = i;
            delay_ms( 50 );
        }
        porta=0;
        delay_ms( 50 );
    }  
}

Mike.

Mike, K8LH · 11th January 2009, 11:47 AM

You might do it this way as well;

Code:

    while(1)
    { i = 1;                 // night rider effect
      while(i)               //
      { porta = i;           //
        delay_ms(50);        //
        i <<= 1;             // shift left
      }
      i = 128;               //
      while(i)               //
      { porta = i;           //
        i >>= 1;             // shift right
        delay_ms(50);        //
      }
    }

Pommie · 11th January 2009, 11:55 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Mike, K8LH

You might do it this way as well;

Code:

    while(1)
    { i = 1;                 // night rider effect
      while(i)               //
      { porta = i;           //
        delay_ms(50);        //
        i <<= 1;             // shift left
      }
      i = 128;               //
      while(i)               //
      { porta = i;           //
        i >>= 1;             // shift right
        delay_ms(50);        //
      }
    }

Hi Mike,

You missed out the all LEDs off state.

Mike.

Mike, K8LH · 11th January 2009, 01:15 PM

If you want LEDs off between the back-and-forth scans, you might add a few more lines;

Code:

    while(1)
    { porta = 0;             //  All LEDs off
      delay_ms(100);         //
      i = 1;                 // night rider effect
      while(i)               //
      { porta = i;           //
        delay_ms(50);        //
        i <<= 1;             // shift left
      }
      porta = 0;             // all LEDs off
      delay_ms(100);         //
      i = 128;               //
      while(i)               //
      { porta = i;           //
        i >>= 1;             // shift right
        delay_ms(50);        //
      }
    }

usif · 15th January 2009, 06:47 AM

Can anyone tell me whats wrong with this code? I am trying to get an input from porta.0 so that it would change direction of the LED chase.

Code:

#include<system.h>

// _LVP_OFF disables Low Voltage Programming, enabling use of the RB3 output.
#pragma DATA _CONFIG, _CP_OFF & _PWRTE_OFF & _WDT_OFF & _HS_OSC & _LVP_OFF

#pragma CLOCK_FREQ 20000000

void main()
{

	#define a porta.0;  // Define porta.0,1.2 as variable a,b,c
	#define b porta.1;  // These will be used as the input variables
	#define c porta.2;


    // - turn portb inputs that we are using into digital mode.
    adcon1; = 00000110b; //digital
    trisb = 0x00; //Output
    trisc = 0x00; // Output
    trisa = 0xFF; // Turn Porta A as an Input
    
    char i; // introduce I as a variable for the flash
       
    while( 1 )
    {
    
		for(i=0;i!=0;i<<=1){
			portb = i;
            delay_ms( 50 );
            }
			 
			portb = 0;
			delay_ms( 15 );
			
			
				if(a){

			for(i=0;i!=0;i>>=1) {
			portb = i;
			delay_ms ( 50 );
			 }                                                                            
			 portb = 0;
			 delay_ms ( 50 );
			 			 }
			 }
			 }
		
}

Pommie · 15th January 2009, 07:25 AM

When you shift zero left it is still zero,

Try,

Code:

    while( 1 )
    {    
        for(i=1;i!=0;i<<=1){
            portb = i;
            delay_ms( 50 );
        }
             
        portb = 0;
        delay_ms( 15 ); 
        if(a){
            for(i=128;i!=0;i>>=1) {
                portb = i;
                delay_ms ( 50 );
             }                                                                            
             portb = 0;
             delay_ms ( 50 );
         }
     }

Mike.

Gayan Soyza · 15th January 2009, 07:43 AM

This is a nice experiment I also like very much & leaned many things.

One thing I noticed that PORTA.0 input will act at the end of the pattern??

usif · 15th January 2009, 09:17 AM

Mike, Thanks for your reply, and you pointed out another error which I hadnt found yet (normally I would compile, and look at any of the oddities of the project, and edit again)

However, what I failed to say in my previous post was that the code will not compile. Ive double checked for any oddities and the usual ";" forgotten (as a noob, I guess), and there are none. I get these errors:

Code:

Building...
BoostC Optimizing C Compiler Version 6.90 (for PIC16 architecture)
http://www.sourceboost.com
Copyright(C) 2004-2008 Pavel Baranov
Copyright(C) 2004-2008 David Hobday

Single user Lite License (Unregistered) for 0 node(s)
Limitations: PIC12,PIC16 max code size:2048 words, max RAM banks:2, Non commercial use only


SourceBoost1.c
C:\Documents and Settings\Yousif\Desktop\SourceBoost1.c(11): error: general error

failure
"C:\Program Files\SourceBoost\boostc.pic16.exe" SourceBoost1.c -t PIC16F877A 
Exit code was 1.
Removing target: SourceBoost1.obj
C:\Documents and Settings\Yousif\Desktop\SourceBoost1.c(11): error:  failure
Done

Line 11 is the opening brace after "void main ()". Also it gave me an error earlier about the "adcon1 = 00000110b;" line, which it said a semicolon was missing. I had used that line earlier in the previous project, and it compiled fine. I gave a semicolon after
"adcon1" and it shut up about that error. I have my doubts on this - is this usual?

Pommie · 15th January 2009, 09:25 AM

Lines that start #define should not end in a semi colon.

Mike.

usif · 15th January 2009, 09:29 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Pommie

Lines that start #define should not end in a semi colon.

Mike.

Fixed that problem, and it still wont compile. Giving me the same error.

Pommie · 15th January 2009, 09:36 AM

Gayan,

It is always easier to follow C if the indentation is correct. Every { you indent 4 more characters and every } you indent 4 less characters.

Code:

    while(a==1) //active low type switch
    {
        PORTB = i;
        delay_ms(50);
        i=i<<1;
        if(i==0)
        {
            PORTB = 0;
            delay_ms(50);    
            i = 1;
        }
    }
    i = 128;
    while(b==1) //active low type switch
    {
        PORTB = i;
        delay_ms(50);
        i=i>>1;
        if(i==1)
        {
            PORTB = 0;
            delay_ms(50);    
            i = 128;
        }
    }

To make the light go one way and reverse whenever the button is pressed I would do,

Code:

    i=1;
    while(1)
    {
        if(a)
        {
            i>>=1;
            if(i==0)
                i=128;
        }else
        {
            i<<=1;
            if(i==0)
                i=1;
        }
        PORTB=i;
    }

Mike.

Gayan Soyza · 15th January 2009, 09:56 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Pommie

Gayan,

It is always easier to follow C if the indentation is correct. Every { you indent 4 more characters and every } you indent 4 less characters.

Hi thanks Mike,I must very careful with braces alignment. I was searching wheres my post after I deleting it, you got it thanks for that

Pommie · 15th January 2009, 10:08 AM

It took a while to find that error as the compiler gives a nonsense error message, the line

Code:

    adcon1; = 00000110b; //digital

should be,

Code:

    adcon1 = 0b00000110; //digital

Mike.

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11th January 2009, 10:33 AM	#2
eng1	Code: while( 1 ) { int i; // a semi-colon is required to tell the compiler that // you're at the end of a command for(i=8;i>0;i--) { // braces are required when you want to include // more lines in the body of the for instruction porta = i; delay_ms( 50 ); } } Now the code should compile correctly, but you might need to change your program using shift operators in the for loop to get the desired effect. Your for loop sets PORTA pins as follows: PORTA = 8 = b'00001000' PORTA = 7 = b'00000111' PORTA = 6 = b'00000110' PORTA = 5 = b'00001001' PORTA = 4 = b'00001000' PORTA = 3 = b'00000011' PORTA = 2 = b'00000010' PORTA = 1 = b'00000001' Last edited by eng1; 11th January 2009 at 10:54 AM.

11th January 2009, 11:47 AM	#4
Mike, K8LH	You might do it this way as well; Code: while(1) { i = 1; // night rider effect while(i) // { porta = i; // delay_ms(50); // i <<= 1; // shift left } i = 128; // while(i) // { porta = i; // i >>= 1; // shift right delay_ms(50); // } }

15th January 2009, 07:25 AM	#8
Pommie	When you shift zero left it is still zero, Try, Code: while( 1 ) { for(i=1;i!=0;i<<=1){ portb = i; delay_ms( 50 ); } portb = 0; delay_ms( 15 ); if(a){ for(i=128;i!=0;i>>=1) { portb = i; delay_ms ( 50 ); } portb = 0; delay_ms ( 50 ); } } Mike. Last edited by Pommie; 15th January 2009 at 07:47 AM. Reason: There was one too many braces!!

15th January 2009, 07:43 AM	#9
Gayan Soyza	This is a nice experiment I also like very much & leaned many things. One thing I noticed that PORTA.0 input will act at the end of the pattern?? __________________ Gayan My Website http://gsmicro.blogspot.com/ Last edited by Gayan Soyza; 15th January 2009 at 07:45 AM.

15th January 2009, 09:17 AM	#10
usif	Mike, Thanks for your reply, and you pointed out another error which I hadnt found yet (normally I would compile, and look at any of the oddities of the project, and edit again) However, what I failed to say in my previous post was that the code will not compile. Ive double checked for any oddities and the usual ";" forgotten (as a noob, I guess), and there are none. I get these errors: Code: Building... BoostC Optimizing C Compiler Version 6.90 (for PIC16 architecture) http://www.sourceboost.com Copyright(C) 2004-2008 Pavel Baranov Copyright(C) 2004-2008 David Hobday Single user Lite License (Unregistered) for 0 node(s) Limitations: PIC12,PIC16 max code size:2048 words, max RAM banks:2, Non commercial use only SourceBoost1.c C:\Documents and Settings\Yousif\Desktop\SourceBoost1.c(11): error: general error failure "C:\Program Files\SourceBoost\boostc.pic16.exe" SourceBoost1.c -t PIC16F877A Exit code was 1. Removing target: SourceBoost1.obj C:\Documents and Settings\Yousif\Desktop\SourceBoost1.c(11): error: failure Done Line 11 is the opening brace after "void main ()". Also it gave me an error earlier about the "adcon1 = 00000110b;" line, which it said a semicolon was missing. I had used that line earlier in the previous project, and it compiled fine. I gave a semicolon after "adcon1" and it shut up about that error. I have my doubts on this - is this usual? Last edited by usif; 15th January 2009 at 09:20 AM.

15th January 2009, 09:25 AM	#11
Pommie	Lines that start #define should not end in a semi colon. Mike.

15th January 2009, 10:08 AM	#15
Pommie	It took a while to find that error as the compiler gives a nonsense error message, the line Code: adcon1; = 00000110b; //digital should be, Code: adcon1 = 0b00000110; //digital Mike.