Quartz Crystal - Electronic Circuits Projects Diagrams Free

Kev · 23rd February 2004, 03:52 PM

Could somebody please show me how i can use a quartz crystal to create a high pulse every second. i came up with the following circuit. but i can't get the values right. :?

tavib · 24th February 2004, 05:43 AM

:lol:
The quartz parallel oscillator is good to make in high frequence, say over 100KHz. With your 32.768KHz cristal is dificult to make a parallel oscilator because you need very high resistor in R2 place over 20M and a good qquality cristal(with low serial resistance at resonance). The capacitors from your schematic must be in range of 10...50 pF for oscillator work.

But a better idea for low frequency cristals is serial oscillator as in follow picture. The CMOS inverters must be unbuffered type in both cases of parallel and serial OSC.

After OSC a divisor must be put for 1Hz freq.

Kev · 24th February 2004, 12:36 PM

ty mate

patroclus · 26th February 2004, 08:32 AM

If you increase capacitator value, the circuit becames more stable, but has a higher startup time. Isn't it? what about resistors??
And.. sometimes I read "oscilating at its natural resonant frequency". Is it possible not to do so?

tavib · 27th February 2004, 06:34 AM

:P
The capacitor(in serial-qz) is only for signal transfer and is calculate to make a good coupling relative to input impedance of inverter 2.
The resistors make the inverters to work in linear region as linear amplifiers. This resistors impose the input impedance of inverters equal with resistor value divided at voltage amplifier of inverter so the impedance is lower than resistor value.
The oscillator will work with a resistors and capacitor values in a wide range but when resistors increase the stability decrease. This happen because the Qz work here as a RLC serial circuit, at resonance the Qz impedance have a minimal value and entire loop transfer(through I1-C1-I2-Qz) is over 1. At other value of freq the Qz impedance is very high and the loop transfer become under 1, but if the input impedance of I1 is high the parasitic capacitance of Qz will inject more easy the signal in I1 input and the oscillator have tendency to oscillate on other freq than the Qz resonance. This problem become worst on high freq. so the serial osc. is not good for high freq.

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26th February 2004, 08:32 AM	(permalink)
patroclus	If you increase capacitator value, the circuit becames more stable, but has a higher startup time. Isn't it? what about resistors?? And.. sometimes I read "oscilating at its natural resonant frequency". Is it possible not to do so?

27th February 2004, 06:34 AM	(permalink)
tavib	:P The capacitor(in serial-qz) is only for signal transfer and is calculate to make a good coupling relative to input impedance of inverter 2. The resistors make the inverters to work in linear region as linear amplifiers. This resistors impose the input impedance of inverters equal with resistor value divided at voltage amplifier of inverter so the impedance is lower than resistor value. The oscillator will work with a resistors and capacitor values in a wide range but when resistors increase the stability decrease. This happen because the Qz work here as a RLC serial circuit, at resonance the Qz impedance have a minimal value and entire loop transfer(through I1-C1-I2-Qz) is over 1. At other value of freq the Qz impedance is very high and the loop transfer become under 1, but if the input impedance of I1 is high the parasitic capacitance of Qz will inject more easy the signal in I1 input and the oscillator have tendency to oscillate on other freq than the Qz resonance. This problem become worst on high freq. so the serial osc. is not good for high freq.