Some More Simple FM Transmitters - Electronic Circuits Projects Diagrams Free

Iceman_Chris · 29th November 2004, 04:18 AM

I have some more transmitters (FM) for you to view...

mstechca · 11th February 2005, 12:20 PM

I have some comments about FM Transmitter #3.

I can tell that it came from Mr. Antoon's site (from University of Guelph).
Do a search for ~antoon with google and you will find all his circuits.

BUT, He has a simpler one. The simpler version has everything removed from the left side of the coupling capacitor (except for the microphone).

The funny thing is that 99% of the circuits I see on the internet do not include an equation that determines all their features.

All the manuals say that the inductor and capacitor in parallel change the frequency. but to me, that is of the least importance. My question is why is the value of C3 0.01uF and the value of R6 10K?

I seem to think that these values make up an equation for something else. I'm not sure if they make the equation for bandwidth or what? but if people must use specified values all the time, then whats the point of experimenting when the specified values do not work? Get my point?

**Nigel Goodwin** · 11th February 2005, 12:53 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by mstechca

The funny thing is that 99% of the circuits I see on the internet do not include an equation that determines all their features.

All the manuals say that the inductor and capacitor in parallel change the frequency. but to me, that is of the least importance. My question is why is the value of C3 0.01uF and the value of R6 10K?

I seem to think that these values make up an equation for something else. I'm not sure if they make the equation for bandwidth or what? but if people must use specified values all the time, then whats the point of experimenting when the specified values do not work? Get my point?

R6 is the base bias resistor for the transistor, used to bias the transistor at a suitable point. C3 is to decouple the base at RF frequencies (so it's operating in common base as an RF oscillator), but to allow audio frequencies to pass - it's value isn't at all critical, the higher the value the more it will reduce the higher audio frequencies.

There are many values in a design which don't require an equation to work them out, and would be pointless to do so - very often the starting point for most equations requires you to make an initial assumption, and things work out from that - but you often can't calculate the initial assumption.

zahra sultan · 21st February 2005, 05:35 AM

i wuld like to hav the whole working of this fm transmitter grant me

sanjay gupta · 9th November 2005, 06:47 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Iceman_Chris

I have some more transmitters (FM) for you to view...

can u send me some theory

audioguru · 10th November 2005, 04:26 AM

The RF oscillator in most simple FM transmitters is a Colpitts type. Its positive feedback through a capacitor from collector to emitter is described in tutorials in Google.
The audio causes the transistor to swing its average collector voltage up and down. Since the capacitance of the transistor's collector to emitter and collector to base varies with voltage (see transistor's datasheet), then the frequency of the tank is changed and the result is FM.

DigiTan · 11th November 2005, 03:33 AM

What does C4 do for the 4th circuit? It looks it makes the collector voltage on Q2 increase as the audio frequency goes up maybe? :?

And do a get the center frequency? Would I factor in C5, L1 and C6; or some other combination?

audioguru · 11th November 2005, 03:57 AM

C4 bypasses the transistor's base to ground at RF frequencies so that the transistor operates in a common-base mode.

The center frequency is adjusted with the values of C5, L1 and C6 as you say, plus the capacitance of the antenna and anything that gets near it.
The capacitance of the pcb wiring and of the transistor adjusts the RF frequency and since the capacitance of the transistor changes with supply voltage changes then the frequency is also adjusted by the supply voltage. Temperature change affects the value of most parts listed above so also would adjust the RF frequency.

That is why I say that the RF frequency of such a simple "toy" FM transmitter varies all over the place!

Also that is why my FM transmitter uses a voltage regulator. It also uses an RF amplifier to isolate its tuning parts from the antenna. :lol:

junior40er · 22nd January 2006, 07:49 PM

im a pretty new guy in electronics with only an associates in electronics under my belt, 2 years in car audio, video and security and a new aviation tech so bear my questions. What in these circuits determines output power of the transmitter? What can i do to make it more powerful? Several inputs can be appreciated. Thanks.

audioguru · 22nd January 2006, 08:43 PM

The simple transmitters that operate from a 9V battery have a good range, 3V ones don't.
Reducing the value of the oscillator's emitter resistor increases range if its base bias resistor value is correct. Most of these circuits have their base bias resistor value too low for the transistor.
Reducing the value of the emitter resistor might stop the oscillator requiring the value of the collector to emitter positive feedback capacitor to be increased, which lowers the frequency requiring the tuning capacitor's value or inductor's value to be decreased.

akg · 23rd January 2006, 06:06 AM

adding to 'audio' adding a FM power amp stage will also help.

audioguru · 23rd January 2006, 06:19 AM

Mine has a power amp stage and goes very far:

akg · 23rd January 2006, 06:34 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by audioguru

Mine has a power amp stage and goes very far:

how much min range i can expect and using a cxa1019 receiver? (or nay other commertial fm rx)

audioguru · 24th January 2006, 04:32 AM

I don't know your radio.
My FM transmitter goes more than 2km line-of-sight to my very sensitive car radio sharing an FM frequency because my dial is full. The interfering station was low power on the other side of my city.
My FM transmitter has pre-emphasis for great sound.

panic mode · 25th January 2006, 12:53 AM

that other low power station must be 2watt transmitter (fmtransmitter[2watt].gif) from top of this page

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11th February 2005, 12:20 PM
mstechca Experienced Member	I have some comments about FM Transmitter #3. I can tell that it came from Mr. Antoon's site (from University of Guelph). Do a search for ~antoon with google and you will find all his circuits. BUT, He has a simpler one. The simpler version has everything removed from the left side of the coupling capacitor (except for the microphone). The funny thing is that 99% of the circuits I see on the internet do not include an equation that determines all their features. All the manuals say that the inductor and capacitor in parallel change the frequency. but to me, that is of the least importance. My question is why is the value of C3 0.01uF and the value of R6 10K? I seem to think that these values make up an equation for something else. I'm not sure if they make the equation for bandwidth or what? but if people must use specified values all the time, then whats the point of experimenting when the specified values do not work? Get my point?

21st February 2005, 05:35 AM
zahra sultan New Member	i wuld like to hav the whole working of this fm transmitter grant me __________________ zzzahr

10th November 2005, 04:26 AM
audioguru Experienced Member	The RF oscillator in most simple FM transmitters is a Colpitts type. Its positive feedback through a capacitor from collector to emitter is described in tutorials in Google. The audio causes the transistor to swing its average collector voltage up and down. Since the capacitance of the transistor's collector to emitter and collector to base varies with voltage (see transistor's datasheet), then the frequency of the tank is changed and the result is FM. __________________ Uncle $crooge

11th November 2005, 03:33 AM
DigiTan Experienced Member	What does C4 do for the 4th circuit? It looks it makes the collector voltage on Q2 increase as the audio frequency goes up maybe? :? And do a get the center frequency? Would I factor in C5, L1 and C6; or some other combination? __________________ The most-hated young engineer in America. * AVR Projects * Robot War [for TI graphing calcs] * Robot War TI footage

11th November 2005, 03:57 AM
audioguru Experienced Member	C4 bypasses the transistor's base to ground at RF frequencies so that the transistor operates in a common-base mode. The center frequency is adjusted with the values of C5, L1 and C6 as you say, plus the capacitance of the antenna and anything that gets near it. The capacitance of the pcb wiring and of the transistor adjusts the RF frequency and since the capacitance of the transistor changes with supply voltage changes then the frequency is also adjusted by the supply voltage. Temperature change affects the value of most parts listed above so also would adjust the RF frequency. That is why I say that the RF frequency of such a simple "toy" FM transmitter varies all over the place! Also that is why my FM transmitter uses a voltage regulator. It also uses an RF amplifier to isolate its tuning parts from the antenna. :lol: __________________ Uncle $crooge

22nd January 2006, 07:49 PM
junior40er New Member	im a pretty new guy in electronics with only an associates in electronics under my belt, 2 years in car audio, video and security and a new aviation tech so bear my questions. What in these circuits determines output power of the transmitter? What can i do to make it more powerful? Several inputs can be appreciated. Thanks.

22nd January 2006, 08:43 PM
audioguru Experienced Member	The simple transmitters that operate from a 9V battery have a good range, 3V ones don't. Reducing the value of the oscillator's emitter resistor increases range if its base bias resistor value is correct. Most of these circuits have their base bias resistor value too low for the transistor. Reducing the value of the emitter resistor might stop the oscillator requiring the value of the collector to emitter positive feedback capacitor to be increased, which lowers the frequency requiring the tuning capacitor's value or inductor's value to be decreased. __________________ Uncle $crooge

23rd January 2006, 06:06 AM
akg Experienced Member	adding to 'audio' adding a FM power amp stage will also help.

24th January 2006, 04:32 AM
audioguru Experienced Member	I don't know your radio. My FM transmitter goes more than 2km line-of-sight to my very sensitive car radio sharing an FM frequency because my dial is full. The interfering station was low power on the other side of my city. My FM transmitter has pre-emphasis for great sound. __________________ Uncle $crooge

25th January 2006, 12:53 AM
panic mode Experienced Member	that other low power station must be 2watt transmitter (fmtransmitter[2watt].gif) from top of this page