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Old 28th May 2008, 02:30 PM   (permalink)
Default Hard Driver motor

I recently found some old and newer hard drives too damaged to be repaired for normal PC use now i took one apart for parts such as the motor inside. I know nothing on motor like this. I know about normal motors like with magnets and stuff and how it works but beyaond normal 2 wire stuff i got no clue.

Ill take some pictures but for now let me explain in words. The motor has a 4 wire interface which i soldered 4 wires to a pin header for testing. How do i apply power to it? I tried normal but i think this is like some PWM type thing because i cant apply constant power it stops. But when i put power and then off/on it........... it works.

Any suggestions on how i can power this for use?


Last edited by AtomSoft; 28th May 2008 at 02:42 PM.
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Old 28th May 2008, 02:55 PM   (permalink)
Default

it is stepper motor. You need to measure resistance between all wires in order to find out what type of stepper motor it is ...

check out : Jones on Stepping Motors

the motor I salvaged from old HDD drive is
Variable Reluctance Motors and it is as figure 1.1 found here:
Jones on Stepping Motor Types


Code:
sequence to drive it:
  Winding 1 1001001001001001001001001
  Winding 2 0100100100100100100100100
  Winding 3 0010010010010010010010010
              time --->
most common stepper motors around are unipolar but for some reason I prefer bipolar.
most of the HDD's are multiphase motors (5phase) but they are with 5 leads. The one I have (use) is 4 lead just like the one on the pic and it is Variable Reluctance.

Pay attention, when you test the motor,
- if you start the sequence to slow it will jiggle and not rotate
- if you start the sequence to fast if will oscillate and will not turn
- this motors have very low torque
so in order to achieve rotation (4000 - 7000 rpm) you need to start slow and then increase speed ..

I hope this helped
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Old 28th May 2008, 03:17 PM   (permalink)
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hi,
In addition to 'arhi's good explanation.

If you follow the copper track on the driver pcb, from the 4 pin connector, you should find the motor drive ic.
If you are lucky it will have the ic type name on its case.

Remove it carefully and you have a ready made driver..

Last edited by ericgibbs; 28th May 2008 at 03:18 PM.
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Old 28th May 2008, 03:20 PM   (permalink)
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wow there alot of info there a bit scary... makes me just one to buy one instead lol...

Pins
1 & 4 = 1.3 Ohms
2 & 4 = 2.0 Ohms
3 & 4 = 2.0 Ohms

1 & 3 = 1.1 Ohms
2 & 3 = 2.0 Ohms

1 & 2 = 1.2 Ohms

How does this help? Havent really read all on that page yet
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Old 28th May 2008, 03:24 PM   (permalink)
Default

St L6278 1.2
B994x0136
Malaysia
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Old 28th May 2008, 03:36 PM   (permalink)
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It looks like the spindle motor that rotates the platter. A stepper motor would flat out not work for that application.

The schematic diagram in ahri's post is likely correct, but I think this is a 3 phase brushless DC motor. A very different animal from a stepper.

It also looks like ST Micro has disavowed all knowledge of this motor control chip. At least nobody answered the guy who posted the question in 2006.
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Last edited by Papabravo; 28th May 2008 at 03:41 PM.
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Old 28th May 2008, 04:01 PM   (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by AtomSoft View Post
wow there alot of info there a bit scary... makes me just one to buy one instead lol...

Pins
1 & 4 = 1.3 Ohms
2 & 4 = 2.0 Ohms
3 & 4 = 2.0 Ohms

1 & 3 = 1.1 Ohms
2 & 3 = 2.0 Ohms

1 & 2 = 1.2 Ohms

How does this help? Havent really read all on that page yet
read the page
pin1 is the common lead, as pi1 to pin(2|3|4) is ~1R and between pins 2,3,4 you have 2R so if you look at the schematic, the "winding" resistance is 1R

You drive the motor pretty easy .. connect it like this

+5V - 100R - pin1 //I drive it without resistor but it should be smart to limit the current
RC0 - pin2
RC1 - pin3
RC2 - pin4

and drive:
Code:
// config ...
//...

main(){
  unsigned short delay, a;
  TRISC = 0; //output
  delay = 250;
  a = 0;
  while(1){
     PORTC = 0b00000110;
     delay_us(delay);
     PORTC = 0b00000101;
     delay_us(delay);
     PORTC = 0b00000011;
     delay_us(delay);
     if (++a == 0) if (delay>0) delay--;
  }
}
as you see, the motor will "increase speed" every 256 cycles.

now, it might happen that still motor "bounces" around, e.g. run back/forth. this mean that you need to get the right "order" of the wind1-3 (not too many combinations, so you can try all 4)

you can also try to connect "common" pin to GND and source power from pic, but I'm not sure if pic can give enough current to drive it.

as for the motor driver, I managed to salvage bunch of HDD's and I never managed to find any datasheet on the driver from the HDD board (some of them had no markings, some are strange NEC chips .. anyhow google was silent)

as for the "brushless dc" vs "stepper" .. try to rotate the motor with your hand, if you feel the "steps" that's a stepper
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Old 28th May 2008, 04:38 PM   (permalink)
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Is it your position that a stepper could actually be used for rotating the spindle of a hard drive? You should know that I did spend a few years in the HDD indusry once upon a time.
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Last edited by Papabravo; 28th May 2008 at 04:39 PM.
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Old 28th May 2008, 08:22 PM   (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Papabravo View Post
Is it your position that a stepper could actually be used for rotating the spindle of a hard drive? You should know that I did spend a few years in the HDD indusry once upon a time.
It would be a VERY slow and useless HDD if it used a stepper!

As you suggested, it's a DC brushless motor.
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Old 28th May 2008, 09:17 PM   (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Nigel Goodwin View Post
It would be a VERY slow and useless HDD if it used a stepper!

As you suggested, it's a DC brushless motor.
I know you know that and I know I know that, but the question is do the other posters know that?
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Old 29th May 2008, 01:09 AM   (permalink)
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For some reason i get this error.. the thing is that the file is there im using ver 8 of MPLAB
Code:
Executing: "C:\MCC18\bin\mcc18.exe" -p=18F1320 "b.c" -fo="b.o" -Ou- -Ot- -Ob- -Op- -Or- -Od- -Opa-
MPLAB C18 v3.20 (demo)
Copyright 1999-2005 Microchip Technology Inc.
Days remaining until demo becomes feature limited:  60
C:\PicCode\b\b.c:14:Warning [2058] call of function without prototype
C:\PicCode\b\b.c:16:Warning [2058] call of function without prototype
C:\PicCode\b\b.c:18:Warning [2058] call of function without prototype
Executing: "C:\MCC18\bin\mplink.exe" "C:\MCC18\lkr\18f1320.lkr" "C:\PicCode\b\b.o" "C:\MCC18\lib\c018i.o" /o"b.cof" /M"b.map" /W
MPLINK 4.20, Linker
Copyright (c) 2008 Microchip Technology Inc.
Error - could not find file 'c018i.o'.
Errors    : 1
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Old 29th May 2008, 02:07 AM   (permalink)
Default

Radical left turn! Perhaps a new thread would be in order.
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Old 29th May 2008, 02:42 AM   (permalink)
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Papabravo View Post
I know you know that and I know I know that, but the question is do the other posters know that?
I knew it all along, a stepper motor to drive a 5,000+ RPM platter, what were they thinking

Lefty
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Old 29th May 2008, 02:43 AM   (permalink)
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i get that while compiling the below code (related to this thread)
Code:
#include <p18f1320.h>
#include <delays.h>
#pragma config OSC = INTIO1, WDT = OFF, LVP = OFF, DEBUG = ON



void main (void){
  unsigned short delay, a;
  TRISA = 0; //output
  delay = 250;
  a = 0;
  while(1){
     PORTA = 0b00001100;
     delay_us(delay);
     PORTA = 0b00001010;
     delay_us(delay);
     PORTA = 0b00000110;
     delay_us(delay);
     if (++a == 0) if (delay>0) delay--;
  }
}
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Old 29th May 2008, 03:46 AM   (permalink)
Default

@Papabravo ah you must be right then .. I drive the 4pin HDD drive just like any other variable reluctance stepper motor, from outside it looks like any other variable reluctance stepper motor... when you turn it you "feel the steps", when you power one coil it snap to "same" location .. all this (for me) are the stepper motor properties - so, I call it stepper .. to be honest I do not get the whole difference between brushless dc and stepper in this point .. what is difference between 5phase stepper and 5phase dc ?

anyhow, however it is called, the code provided should spin it (i tried it few times)

p.s. don't get me wrong, I know that mine knowledge of the issue is limited, I'm not being sarcastic - just explaining why I said it is stepper
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Last edited by arhi; 29th May 2008 at 03:49 AM.
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